Ping Zhang, Jieying Wu, Divino Deoliveira, Nelson J. Chao, Benny J

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Presentation transcript:

Allospecific CD4+ Effector Memory T Cells Do Not Induce Graft-versus-Host Disease in Mice Ping Zhang, Jieying Wu, Divino Deoliveira, Nelson J. Chao, Benny J. Chen Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages 1488-1499 (October 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009 Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 A novel GVHD model induced by TEa CD4+ TCR transgenic T cells alone. Graded numbers (1 × 103 to 1 × 105) of purified TEa cells were transplanted into lethally irradiated CB6F1 recipients along with 1 × 107 TCD BM cells. Mice were monitored for the development of GVHD. Each groups contained 4-5 mice. Consistent results were obtained using 1 × 104 and 1 × 105 TEa cells in more than 3 other independent experiments. (A) Survival. P < .005 (5 × 104 or 1 × 105 versus TCD BM only, 1 × 103, 5 × 103, and 1 × 104). (B) Body weight. P < .001, 1 × 105 versus TCD BM only, 1 × 103, 5 × 103, and 1 × 104 on day 7 and 14; P < .05, 1 × 105 versus TCD BM only, 1 × 103, and 5 × 103 on day 21. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Generation of allospecific TEM. To generate allospecfic TEM, TEa spleen cells containing 1 × 107 TEa T cells were first transferred into Rag-1−/− mice. These mice were subsequently immunized with irradiated CB6F1 splenocytes 18-24 hours later. (A) A schema showing how effector memory TEa cells were generated. The details of how allospecific TEM were obtained are described Materials and Methods. (B) Phenotypes of TEa cells TEM donor mice. Flow cytometry analysis was performed in TEM donor mice at least 8 weeks after priming. (C) TEM donor mice mediated second-set skin graft rejection. At least 8 weeks after priming, TEM donor mice were transplanted with CB6F1 skin grafts. Graft survival was observed daily. P < .01, TEM donors versus other groups. P = .057, TEM-like donors versus naïve TEa mice. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Purification and characterization of allospecific TEM. At least 8 weeks after priming, spleen cells were first harvested from Rag-1−/− mice that contained TEa cells. CD4+ cells were then negatively selected using magnetic beads. Purified effector memory TEa cells were finally isolated after depletion of CD62L+ cells using magnetic beads. A representative of at least two similar experiments is shown. (A) Phenotypes of purified TEa cells used for the subsequent experiments. (B) Additional memory T cell markers. (C) MLR. Purified TEa cells (62,500 cells/well) from different groups were cultured with 5 × 105 irradiated CB6F1 spleen cells. Proliferation was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. ∗P < .05, TEM versus others; #P < .05, TEM-like versus naïve; &P < .05, naïve versus others. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Allospecific TEM do not induce GVHD. Purified TEa cells (1 × 105) from each group were transplanted into lethally irradiated CB6F1 recipients along with 1 × 107 TCD BM cells. The data were pooled from 3 independent experiments with similar results. Mice were then monitored for the development of GVHD. Survival was monitored daily. (A) Survival. P < .0001, naïve versus other groups. (B) Body weight. P < .001, TEM versus naïve at days +7, +14, and +21. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 T cell expansion and cytokine secretion in allospecific TEM recipients. Purified TEa cells (1 × 105/mouse) from each group were transplanted into lethally irradiated CB6F1 recipients along with 1 × 107 TCD BM cells. Numbers of TEa cells were measured at day +7 by using flow cytometry. Cytokines were measured at day +3, +5, +7, and +10 by using multiplex bead-based assays. (A) Representative histograms showing how TEa cells were measured in transplantation recipients using flow cytometry. (B) T cell expansion in vivo. Similar results were obtained in liver and BM. ∗P < .05, naïve versus TEM. (C) Cytokine changes in plasma. P < .05, naïve versus TEM in all cytokines; P < .05, in IL-12P40, TNF-α, RANTE. ∗P < .05, TCD BM only versus naïve; #P < .05, naïve versus TEM; P = NS, TEM versus TCD BM only except GM-CSF, IFN-γ, MIP-1b on day +5, IL-17 on day +7, IL-2, IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF, and MCP-1 on day +10; P = NS, TEM-like versus TCD BM only except RANTE on day +7, IL-3, IL-5, eotaxin, and MCP-1 on day +10. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Allospecific TEM undergo apoptosis and die faster than naïve T cells do in vitro. Purified TEa cells from different groups were labeled with CFSE. Labeled TEa cells (1.25 × 105/well) were cultured with irradiated CB6F1 spleen cells (5 × 105/well) for 3 days. At the end of the culture, cells were stained with Anexin V and 7- AAD. The dot plots were gated on 7-AAD− (top panel) or total (bottom panel) CD229.1−CD4+Vα2+ (TEa) cells. The values represent percent apoptotic (anexinV+7-AAD−) or dead cells (7-AAD−) among TEa cells. A representative of three similar experiments with similar results is shown. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Allospecific TEM are deleted in GVHD but not skin graft recipients. Spleen cells from skin graft recipients (Figure 2C) and GVHD recipients (Figure 4) were harvested 84 days after transplantation. Proliferative responses against alloantigen and the numbers of TEa cells in peripheral blood were determined. (A) Proliferation against alloantigens. Various numbers of spleen cells were cultured with irradiated CB6F1 spleen cells (5 × 105/well) for 3 days. Proliferation was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Results are represented as mean ± SD of triplicate wells. All experiments were repeated at least twice and yielded similar results. *P < .05. (B) Peripheral TEa cell counts. Absolute counts of TEa cells were determined by flow cytometer. Each group contained at least 5 animals. *P < .01. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2012 18, 1488-1499DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.07.009) Copyright © 2012 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions