Agricola- ae Lingua -ae Littera -ae Nouns- Cap 1 Fortuna -ae fortune Fortuna- Goddess of fortune - 1st fem Fortuna -ae Agricola- ae Farmer 1st masc Ager + cola “field dweller” Agriculture Lingua -ae Tongue (fig) language Linguistics Littera -ae Letter (A,B,C…) (Plural) Letter- the thing you send people far away 1st fem Literally, literature, literate

Poeta -ae Provincia -ae Nouns Cap 1 Natura -ae Memoria -ae Nature - 1st fem Memory - 1st fem - Natus + ura = about to grow about to be born - In memoria - Province - 1st fem Poeta -ae Provincia -ae - Poet - 1st masc Provincial = rural, rustic, rude, uncultured - Greek for writer

Terra -ae Nauta -ae Nouns Cap 2 - 3 Patria -ae Amicitia -ae 1st fem Country/homeland Fatherland - 1st fem Friendship - 1st fem Amicus + -itia = Friend -ness - Patria = “Terra patria” Terra -ae Nauta -ae Land 1st fem Sailor 1st masc Territory Related to the English word for thirst - Nautical - Greek word for ship-guy

Annus -i Ager, agri Tuba -ae Nouns Cap 3-4 Gladius -gladii Acre Field/farm - 2nd masc Trumpet - 1st fem Yeah, wrap your head around that. Annus -i Gladius -gladii year 2nd masc - sword - 2nd masc Perennial A Spanish weapon Gladiator = Swordsman Nouns Cap 3-4

Legatus -i Deus -i Ludus -i Nuntius -nuntii Deus Vult! Diety Messenger School Game 2nd masc Messenger Message/report - 2nd masc Announcement (from annuntiare – to report) Related to New Legatus -i - god 2nd masc Di (voc) Lieutenant (Military title) Envoy/Diplomat 2nd masc Deus -i Deus Vult! Diety - Delegation, delegate

Dea Slightly irregular! Dat/Abl Plurals are Deabus Nom: Dea Deae Goddess Slightly irregular! Dat/Abl Plurals are Deabus - 1st fem Nom: Dea Deae Gen: Deae Dearum Dat: Deae Deabus Acc: Deam Deas Abl: Dea Deabus Same rule applies to Filia- daughter Dat/Abl Plural – Filiabus

Frumentum -i Periculum -i Bellum, -i Donum -i Nouns Cap 5 Grain War - 2nd neut Gift - 2nd neut Bellicose Antebellum Donation Frumentum -i Grain - 2nd neut Nouns Cap 5 Periculum -i Frumentarii Fruor + -mentum = I enjoy this thing Danger - 2nd neut - Peril

Regina –ae Verbum -i Regnum Rex, regis Nouns Cap 5 Queen Reg + ina King - 3rd masc Kingdom - 2nd neut Regal Reg = straight line/ruler Reign https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbum_(generale) Regina –ae Verbum -i Word Verb (grammar context) - 2nd neut Queen 1st fem Nouns Cap 5 Reg + ina = female ruler Related to Word “Res, non verba.”

Verbs Cap 2 Amo, amare amavi, amatum (amatus) Do, dare, dedi, datum - To Love - PIE word for “mother” Do, dare, dedi, datum To give donate Laudo, laudare Laudavi, laudatum Praise Lauditory Laud

Paro, parare, paravi, paratum Verbs Cap 2 Occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatum Seize Capture Occupy From capio -ere Paro, parare, paravi, paratum Prepare From pario –ire: to give birth Pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatum fight Pugnacious From pugnus- fist

Voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum Verbs Verbs Cap 2 Specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatum - Watch Spectate, spectacles Voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum Call/yell Vocalize Sum, esse, fui, (futurus) To be (to exist) Related to am

Altus –a –um Ferus –a -um Latus –a –um Parvus –a –um Adjectives Cap 6 High Deep Ferus –a -um - Feral Wild, fierce - Altitude Latus –a –um Wide Parvus –a –um Small - Distantly related to “few” - “Fa” is the old form of few - Latitude

Tuus -a -um Ceteri -ae -a Meus -a -um the rest the other (things) the rest of the remainder …Etcetera “…and the rest” Tuus -a -um Meus -a -um My E.g. “My desk” Mea Mensa Your E.g. “Your Desk” Tua Mensa

Cum Sine With Only used in the sense of being accompanied Without With Cum With Only used in the sense of being accompanied Preposition- takes the Ablative Sine Without Preposition- takes the Ablative

Convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatum Verbs Cap 7 Verbs Habito, habitare, habitavi, habitatum - Live/dwell (in a place) Habitat, habitable Convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatum Call together Latin Class Party Oct 27th after school! Convention - Con = cum as a prefix Laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratum To work To suffer Project due Nov 3 Test likely Nov 1st Labor

Narro, narrare, narravi, narratum Verbs Verbs Cap 7 Exspecto, exspectare exspectavi, exspectatum - Wait for Expect Narro, narrare, narravi, narratum Tell Narrate, narrative Distant relative of “know” Nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatum To announce/declare To report Announce, announcer

Vulnero, vulnerare, vulneravi, vulneratum Verbs Verbs Cap 7 Supero, superare, superavi, superatum To overcome To conquer Surpass Superman Volo, volare, volavi, volatum Fly Volatile Vulnero, vulnerare, vulneravi, vulneratum To wound Vulnerable, vulnerary, invulnerable

Appello, appellare, appellavi, appellatum To Call/name i.e. Appellavi cattum, Ceres “I named my cat, Ceres. NOT!!! Voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum -to Call (out to someone) Vocavi cattum ad me. “I called my cat to me.”

Liber, libera, liberum Miser, misera, miserum Noster, nostra, nostrum Adjectives Cap 8 Free Miser, misera, miserum - Liberty Wretched, miserable -Misery Noster, nostra, nostrum Our Vester, vestra, vestrum Nuestro Nos Your, yours, of you (plural) Vuestro Vos

Trans Ante Propter Post Per Prepositions Ob On account of - Across Because of - takes the Acc - Across - Takes Acc Ante Before In front of - takes the Acc Propter - On account of - takes the Acc Post After Behind - takes the Acc Per - Through - takes the Acc

Sing Plu 1st eram eramus 2nd eras eratis 3rd erat erant Sum, esse - Imperfect Was or were Sing Plu 1st eram eramus 2nd eras eratis 3rd erat erant If it wasn’t obvious Sing Plu 1st I was we were 2nd you were yall were 3rd he was they were

Sing Plu 1st ero erimus 2nd eris eritis 3rd erit erunt Sum, esse - Future Will be Sing Plu 1st ero erimus 2nd eris eritis 3rd erit erunt If it wasn’t obvious Sing Plu 1st I will be we will be 2nd you will be yall will be 3rd he will be they will be

Ubi Saepe Tum Adverbs- 9 Semper Where When Always Semper Fidelis! Often - Then

Confirmo, confirmare, confirmavi, confirmatum Verbs Verbs Cap 10 Clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatum - To shout clamor Confirmo, confirmare, confirmavi, confirmatum To strengthen/make firm To encourage Confirmation Libero, liberare, liberavi, liberatum To free liberate

Servo, servare, servavi, servatum Verbs Verbs Cap 10 Oppugno, oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatum To attack, assult To beseige Ob + pugnus = “fist toward” Servo, servare, servavi, servatum To save/protect service Tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatum To try To test Temptations….test you

Sto, stare, steti, statum Sto, stare and do dare have an irregular To stand Sto, stare and do dare have an irregular 3rd principle part (dedi and steti) - You’ll notice most 3rd principle parts are irregular outside of the 1st conjugation.

Tuus -a -um Ceteri -ae -a Meus -a -um the rest the other (things) the rest of the remainder …Etcetera “…and the rest” Tuus -a -um Meus -a -um My E.g. “My desk” Mea Mensa Your E.g. “Your Desk” Tua Mensa

Cum Sine With Only used in the sense of being accompanied Without With Cum With Only used in the sense of being accompanied Preposition- takes the Ablative Sine Without Preposition- takes the Ablative

Altus –a –um Clarus –a -um Pauci –ae -a Reliquus –a –um Adjectives Cap 6 Neighboring Clarus –a -um Clear, bright Famous - Clarity Pauci –ae -a Few Reliquus –a –um The remaining The rest of - Relinquish