Structure and Properties of the Nucleus

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Presentation transcript:

Structure and Properties of the Nucleus

Nucleons Proton is the nucleus of the simplest atom, hydrogen. It has positive charge (+e) and mass mp=1.6726x10-27 kg. Neutron is electrically neutral and has mass mn=1.6749x10-27 kg

Nuclei that contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called isotopes.

Nuclear Radii

Atomic Mass Unit

Binding Energy and Nuclear Forces

The total mass of a stable nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of its constituent protons and neutrons.

The total energy represents the amount of energy that must be put into a nucleus in order to break it apart into its constituent protons and neutrons.

To be stable, the mass of nucleus must be less than that of constituent nucleons, so that energy input is needed to break it apart.

Radioactivity

Radioactivity is the result of the disintegration or decay of instable element.

Alpha Decay

Transmutation parent daughter

Q-Value The energy released is called the disintegration energy, Q or Q-value:

Beta Decay

Gamma Decay

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