Minimising Postoperative Incontinence Following Radical Prostatectomy: Considerations and Evidence  Angelo J. Cambio, Christopher P. Evans  European Urology  Volume 50, Issue 5, Pages 903-913 (November 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.08.009 Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 3D reconstruction of axial MRI with views from above the puboperineales (Pp) coursing posteriorly from anterior attachment to the pubis (Pu) around urethra (u) to end close to either side of the posterior midline. (A) Composite. (B) See-through. (C) Subtraction. R, rectum; Pa, puboanalis sling of the levator ani; Pr, prostate; Cs, corpus spongiosum; Bl, bladder. From: Myers et al. [22]. European Urology 2006 50, 903-913DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2006.08.009) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Nerve fiber density in trigonal smooth muscle detected immunohistochemically with antibody against general neuronal marker protein growth product 9.5. (A) Abundant nerve fiber staining was detected throughout smooth muscle fascicles intraoperatively. (B) Postoperatively protein growth product 9.5 immunoreactive nerve fiber density was markedly impaired in incontinent patients after 6 weeks. (C) Less postoperative impairment in dry patients after 6 weeks. Reduced from ×410. From: John et al. [23]. European Urology 2006 50, 903-913DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2006.08.009) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Scheme of the periprostatic fascial anatomy. The solid line indicates the typical approach to the paraprostatic space. The dotted arrow indicates the approach suggested by Takenaka et al. EPF=endopelvic fascia; FLA=fascia of levator ani; LPF=lateral pelvic fascia, Figure from: Takenaka et al. [24]. European Urology 2006 50, 903-913DOI: (10.1016/j.eururo.2006.08.009) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions