Created for PDP-7 (1970), PDP-11 Rewritten in C, source was available

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Presentation transcript:

Created for PDP-7 (1970), PDP-11 Rewritten in C, source was available Unix / Linux Created for PDP-7 (1970), PDP-11 Used ideas from MULTICS, CTSS Rewritten in C, source was available Easy to port to new systems Linux Derived from Minix by Linus Torvalds Handled by volunteers

UNIX Architecture

Neke značajnije verzije System V Release 3.2 (SVR3.2 – SVR4.2) Berkeley Software Distribution (4.4BSD) Linux (Linus Torvalds) MINIX* (Tanenbaum) HP-UX, Solaris (SunSoft), AIX, SunOS, IRIX, SCOUnix, XENIX...

Slojevi UNIX-a * File system * Process Control * Standard Libraries HARDWARE * File system * Process Control * Standard Libraries * Standard Application * Other Application Kernel Shell USER

Osobine i funkcije shell-a (korisnički interpreter) su: Poznatiji shell-ovi: Bourne (bsh), Bourne Again (bash), Korn (ksh), POSIX (sh), C (csh), varijacija C (tcsh), ... Osobine i funkcije shell-a (korisnički interpreter) su: interpretacija kontrolnog reda rezervisane riječi (for, if, than, else, do,done,...) džoker znaci ili meta karakteri(?. *, [ ]) pristup i rukovanje programskim komandama ($path) rukovanje fajlovim (preusmjeravanje i prosleđivanje) održavanje varijabli (bozo=/home/bozok) kontrola okruženja (za svakog korisnika posebno okruženje) shell programiranje (shell scrip)

Uvod u UNIX filozofiju Jednostavne, ortogonalne naredbe (wc *) Povezivanje komandi kroz pipe-ove ( grep bozo * | wc) Interfejsi za zajedničke opcije (-1, -h , ...) Nema tipova fajla (ne vodi računa o sadržaju fajla osim ako ga smatra za komandu)

Logovanje na sistem Najčešći pristup je sa terminala ili emulacije terminala sa PC-a (telnet) Komunikaciona sesija Login sesija uz otvoren “nalog” (username &password) Nakon par poruka (Message of the Day, new mail, time, last logon, ...) pojavljuje se “prompt” ($ -bsh, bash, ksh, % - csh) ..... KOMANDE ...... Izlaz iz sistema (log out) je najčešće sa exit ili logout (csh) KOMANDA: ime_komande [argumenti] ENTER Built-in komande su dio shell-a i mijenjaju se sa njim (echo) Ostele komande ne zavise od shell-a

Preusmjeravanje inputa i outputa komandi > < cat cat > ime_fila cat < ime_fajla fdsfdsdf gfsdd gfsdd CRTL+ D CRTL+ D fdsfdsdf Promjena šifre-passworda: passwd

Dodatne informacije i Help ime_komande -? man ime_komande [ manpath man -k riječ ] knjige http:/www.amsoft.ru/unixbooks.html http:/www.cis.upen.edu/~lwl/unix_books.html FAQ http:/www.manuel.brad.ac.uk/11/.faq/.unix diskusione grupe cern.security.unix comp.lang.c comp.os.linux.answers ............ ftp ftp://ftp.gnu.ai.mit.edu ftp://ftp.x.org