Monday January 9, 2017 Learning Target: Same as Friday 1/6 Science Starter: 1. Turn to pages 21-22 in workbook 2. How do you feel about Genotype& phenotype? Supplies: Genetics Workbook & HW 15 & Probability and Genetic Crosses Page

Announcements Heartbeat Vocabulary—Make flashcards or see Mrs. Hinds website for Quizlet Test Wednesday over Punnett Squares HW #15 due Tomorrow Homework questions of the day: 1B, 1E, 2E, 3AB, 3CD, 3E, 5BC, 5DE Homework question 4—only choose 1 of the 4 options…you do not have to do all 3    

Probability—Write down the Green or bright yellow Extra page, pgs Probability—Write down the Green or bright yellow Extra page, pgs. 15-17 in workbook If you roll one die, what’s the probability of rolling a 6? 1/6 (1 out of 6) If you pull one card from the deck, what’s the probability of getting the ace of hearts? 1/52 (1 out of 52) If you flip a coin, what’s the probability of landing on heads? 1/2 (1 out of 2)

A Genetic Cross Gregor Mendel (1865) discovered that probability could be used to predict the results of a genetic cross mating)? If you know parent genotypes, you can predict offspring genotypes

A Genetic Cross ♀ Bb x ♂ bb Bb, Bb, bb, bb Example: Brown hair (B) is If you know parent genotypes, you can predict offspring genotypes Example: Brown hair (B) is dominant to blond hair (b). What are the possible genotypes for their offspring? Bb bb ♀ Bb x ♂ bb Bb, Bb, bb, bb

2/4 (50%) chance of brown hair A Genetic Cross If you know parent genotypes, you can predict offspring genotypes Example: Brown hair (B) is dominant to blond hair (b). What is the probability that the Incredibles’ next child will have brown hair? Bb bb ♀ Bb x ♂ bb Bb, Bb, bb, bb 2/4 (50%) chance of brown hair

Practice In pea plants, smooth peas (S) are dominant to wrinkled peas (s). A purebred smooth pea is crossed with a wrinkled pea. ♀ _____ x ♂ _____

Practice In pea plants, smooth peas (S) are dominant to wrinkled peas (s). A purebred smooth pea is crossed with a wrinkled pea. Determine the possible offspring genotypes & phenotypes. ♀ SS x ♂ ss Ss, Ss, Ss, Ss 100% chance of smooth peas

Practice In guinea pigs, dark fur (D) is dominant to light fur (d). Cross a hybrid dark guinea pig with a light guinea pig. ♀ _____ x ♂ _____

Practice In guinea pigs, dark fur (D) is dominant to light fur (d). Cross a hybrid dark guinea pig with a light guinea pig. Determine the possible offspring genotypes & phenotypes. ♀ Dd x ♂ dd Dd, Dd, dd, dd 50% chance of dark fur 50% chance of light fur

A Genetic Cross If you know offspring genotypes, you can predict parent genotypes Example: Brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b). If Dash’s genotype is bb, what are his parents’ genotypes? Bb ? bb ? bb

Practice In guinea pigs, dark fur (D) is dominant to light fur (d). Two dark-fur guinea pigs produce a light-fur offspring. What is the genotype of the offspring? dd

Practice In guinea pigs, dark fur (D) is dominant to light fur (d). Two dark-fur guinea pigs produce a light-fur offspring. What must the parent genotypes be? Dd ? Dd ? dd

Punnett Squares Created by Reginald Punnett (1900) to make predicting the outcome of genetic crosses easier show all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross show the probability of each outcome 25% 25% 25% 25%

Punnett Squares Example: In dogs, short hair (S) is dominant to show all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross show the probability of each outcome Example: In dogs, short hair (S) is dominant to long hair (s). Determine the possible offspring phenotypes. ♂ SS S S 25% S s SS SS ♀ Ss Ss Ss 100% chance of short hair

Why Use a Punnett Square? Most scientists study MANY traits at one time It gets VERY confusing without a Punnett Square!

50% chance of straight toes Practice In humans, straight toes (S) is dominant to curled toes (s). Determine the possible results for a cross between a recessive male & hybrid female. ♂ ss s s 25% Ss Ss S s ♀ Ss ss ss 50% chance of straight toes 50% chance of curled toes

Special Cases ? Incomplete dominance Example: Carnations Neither allele is dominant Hybrid = in BETWEEN phenotypes Example: Carnations CRCR = ? CRCW = CWCW =

Special Cases ? Codominance Example: Cows Neither allele is dominant Hybrid = BOTH phenotypes Example: Cows HWHW = ? HWHB = HBHB =

Lets practice— turn to pgs. 23-24 Heterozygous—Hybrid (H) Homozygous—Purebred (P)

Closing—Did we hit our learning Target? Show Mrs. Hinds or Ms. Hall Page 23 in your workbook (Does not have to be complete)

Tuesday January 10, 2017 Learning Target: Use a Punnett square to predict the traits of offspring Science Starter: 1. Turn in HW 15 2. Pick up HW 16– 1A, 2A, 2CD 3. Turn to pages 23-24 in workbook Supplies: Genetics Workbook & HW 15 & HW 16 & Probability and Genetic Crosses Page

Closing—Did we hit our learning Target? Answer the following on a notecard: Let’s say that long fur (L) is dominant to short fur (l). Can 2 purebred dogs with long fur have an offspring with short fur? EXPLAIN!!!

Announcements Heartbeat Test Wednesday over Punnett Squares Workbook Review Punnett Squares Pgs. 23-24 (These pages must be checked by Mrs. Hinds or Ms. Hall.) If you finish these pages and are signed off, then you may begin Quizzizz. Stay tuned for GAME CODE If you finish Quizzizz, then you may play Punnett Square basketball off the More tab and click on Useful Links.