DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AWARENESS SEMINAR 2010 Building Code of Australia Building Code of Australia Regulatory Measures Commencing 1 May 2010

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING PURPOSE To provide an overview of the changes to the energy efficiency provisions in the Building Code of Australia 2010 (NT variation) On 1 st May 2010, energy efficiency requirements will be increased: –New homes & extensions (Class I and 10 buildings) will move from 3.5 stars to 5 stars equivalent –Apartments/flats and caretakers residences (Class 2 and 4 buildings) will move from currently no stars to 3.5 stars equivalent

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING CONTENT Background Building Code of Australia structure Session 1 - Energy efficiency measures for houses and garages Break Session 2 - Energy efficiency measures for apartments, flats and caretakers residences

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BACKGROUND For housing - NT adopted 3.5 star measures in 2003 BCA 2005 introduced 3.5 stars apartments and flats BCA 2006 increased the stringency to 5 Stars The NT is now adopting 5 star as 1 May 2010 COAG proposed new 6 star provisions and increased stringency for commercial buildings for BCA 2010 –Territory has not adopted –Further consideration after 5 star commences

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BACKGROUND For housing - NT adopted 3.5 star measures in 2003 BCA 2005 introduced 3.5 stars apartments and flats BCA 2006 increased the stringency to 5 Stars The NT is now adopting 5 star as 1 May 2010 COAG proposed new 6 star provisions and increased stringency for commercial buildings for BCA 2010 –Territory has not adopted –Further consideration after 5 star commences

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Building Solution Performance Requirements Functional Statement Objective Alternative Solution DTS Provisions Guidance Mandatory Methods of achieving compliance Documentary Evidence Documentary Evidence Verification Method Expert Judgement Comparative Analysis Assessment methods BCA HIERARCHY

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Building Solution Performance Requirements Functional Statement Objective Alternative Solution DTS Provisions Guidance Mandatory Methods of achieving compliance Documentary Evidence Documentary Evidence Verification Method Expert Judgement Comparative Analysis Assessment methods BCA HIERARCHY

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Building Solution Performance Requirements Functional Statement Objective Alternative Solution DTS Provisions Guidance Mandatory Methods of achieving compliance Documentary Evidence Documentary Evidence Verification Method Expert Judgement Comparative Analysis Assessment methods BCA HIERARCHY

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING 5 STAR ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROVISIONS BCA VOLUME TWO HOUSES

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BUILDING CODE OF AUSTRALIA OBJECTIVE The Object is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by efficiently using energy FUNCTIONAL STATEMENT To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a building, including its domestic services, is to be capable of efficiently using energy PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT A building and its domestic services must have a level of thermal performance and features to facilitate the efficient use of energy for artificial heating and cooling appropriate to the function and use of the building etc………….

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ZONES APPLICABLE NEW OLD Climate zone 1 Climate zone 3

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BCA VOLUME TWO SCOPE Five distinct aspects addressed: 1. Building Fabric Thermal Insulation Roof External Walls Floors 2. Glazing 3. Building Sealing 4. Air Movement 5. Domestic Services

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING THERMAL INSULATION Comply with AS/NZS Needs to abut or overlap adjoining insulation Needs to form a continuous thermal barrier Abuts supporting members such as rafters, purlins, noggings, joists and the like Must be installed so as to not affect the safe and effective operation of a domestic service or fitting

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BCA EXPLANATORY INFORMATION The BCA & Guide contain explanatory information on possible increased risk if inappropriate solutions are chosen by designers or builders. These include: Fire resulting from insulation being close to downlights Condensation damage (See CSIRO & DEWHA publications) Plaster sagging under the weight of insulation & lights

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING R-Value or material R-Value is the thermal resistance of an individual building material or component Total R-Value is the sum of all the R-Values of individual components in a composite building assembly e.g. roof THERMAL INSULATION PRINCIPLE OF R-VALUES

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING R-Value or material R-Value is the thermal resistance of an individual building material or component Total R-Value is the sum of all the R-Values of individual components in a composite building assembly e.g. roof THERMAL INSULATION R-Value or material R-Value Total R-Value PRINCIPLE OF R-VALUES

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Thermal break - A thermal break restricts the conductance of heat via metal framing members of: –Roofs –Walls THERMAL INSULATION Lining Insulation Cladding Metal frame Heat transfer area PRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING THERMAL INSULATION PRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK Thermal break - A thermal break restricts the conductance of heat via metal framing members of: –Roofs –Walls Lining Insulation Cladding Metal frame Heat transfer area Thermal break

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING THERMAL INSULATION PRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK Thermal breaks for Roofs and Walls can be: –Timber - Minimum 20mm thick OR –Expanded polystyrene strips - 12mm thick OR –Compressed bulk insulation providing a minimum R-Value of 0.2

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOFS CurrentNew 3.5 Star 5.0 Star Total R-Value 2.2Total R-Value 2.7 Total R-Value is increased by 0.5 CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Location of insulation Insulation can be added at the roof sheeting level or ceiling level or a combination of both Concessions The Total R-Value of a roof may be reduced by 0.5 for each: Light Coloured Roof - The dwelling has a light coloured roof installed e.g. zincalume, galvanised, light grey, off white, light cream or the like Ventilated Roof Space - The design of the dwelling has: - a pitched roof; and - a flat ceiling; and - a ventilated roof space ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Required Total R-Value 2.7 Light coloured roof concession Ventilated pitched roof concession Adjusted Total R-Value= 1.7 ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING DOWNLIGHTS & EXHAUST FANS Ceiling insulation must comply with the minimum clearances as specified by the wiring rules ROOFS AS/NZS 3000 extract

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING The minimum clearances as specified by the wiring rule will result in a loss of insulation A reduction of the area of insulation that does not exceed 1% of the ceiling area requires no change A reduction that exceeds 1% requires an increase in the R-Value over the rest of the ceiling as per the BCA ROOFS DOWN LIGHTS AND EXHAUST FANS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOFS DOWN LIGHTS AND EXHAUST FANS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOF LIGHTS Roof lights area: – If 1.5% of room floor area - no requirements (no change) –Can now go up to 10% of room floor area BUT Cannot exceed 3% of the floor area of the storey (no change) Increase thermal performance depending upon size of each roof light & length of light shaft ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOF LIGHTS ROOFS Shaft diameter O Ceiling level Roof cladding Roof light Shaft 1/2 Roof light Shaft length L Roof light shaft index = L O Desirable outcome: –Long shaft OR –Small diameter OR –Higher performing roof lights

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING SUMMARY Increase of 0.5 in Total R-Value Light coloured & ventilated roof concessions Thermal break requirements Higher R-Value ceiling insulation where downlights and exhaust fans exceed 1% Increased stringency of roof lights ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING EXTERNAL WALLS CurrentNew 3.5 Star 5.0 Star Total R-Value 1.4Total R-Value 1.9 This is an increase in the total R-value of 0.5 CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Solutions for climate zone 1: Insulate to Total R-Value of 1.9 –Reduce to R1.4 with slab-on-ground Shading options –For sheet cladding construction –For high mass walls (not less than 220 kg/m 2 ) EXTERNAL WALLS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Sheet cladding (metal, cement, weather board): Reflective insulation e.g. reflective foil laminate, foil bonded to batts or the like AND Slab-on-ground AND Shading at 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch) EXTERNAL WALLS SHADING OPTIONS - CLIMATE ZONE 1 ONLY

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Masonry with not less than 220 kg/m 2 of wall: N th & S th orientation 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch) All other orientations 45° projected from the floor (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 2000mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch) EXTERNAL WALLS SHADING OPTIONS - CLIMATE ZONE 1 ONLY

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING North & South only EXTERNAL WALLS E, W, NE, SE, NW & SW

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING EXTERNAL WALLS Solutions for climate zone 3: Insulate to Total R-Value of 1.9 –Reduce to R1.4 with slab-on-ground

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Increase of 0.5 in Total R-value (R1.4 to R1.9) Reduced to R1.4 with slab-on-ground Other options for climate zone 1: –Masonry wall: insulate & shade –Sheet cladding wall: foil, slab-on-ground & shade Again, thermal breaks required for some metal framed walls SUMMARY EXTERNAL WALLS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING FLOORS Climate Zones 1 and 3 No insulation requirements

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING 3.5 Star glazing was based on % of glazing to floor area with only north consideration 5 Star glazing sets an allowance for conductance & solar heat gain taking into account the orientation, floor type & air movement rate For compliance there are two calculations (conductance and solar heat gain) which considers each window and glass door; their orientation, thermal performance & shading GLAZING

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING 3.5 Star glazing was also based on generic glass and frame systems whereas 5 Star is based on the glass & frame combined thermal performance Also shading which can take the form of an eave, awning, veranda, carport or permanent external shading device e.g. shutters, blinds, screens etc The ABCB has developed Glazing calculators (Excel 2003 & 2007) to assist in performing the calculations and determining compliance GLAZING

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY Solar Heat gain SHGC for clear glazing 0.81 SHGC for best glazing 0.21 Conductance Insulation: R-Value Glazing: U-Value U-Value for clear glazing 7.9 U-Value for best glazing O C 35 O C

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – INITIAL DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH LIGHT TINT GLASS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH WERS SUPER TINT GLASS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – INITIAL DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – INITIAL DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BUILDING SEALING No change from what is currently required Applies to conditioned spaces and requires: –Roof light being sealed or capable of being sealed –Openings (including windows and external doors) having edge seals –Exhaust fans fitted with self closing dampers or a high density filter –Internal lining systems sealed at all junctions

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING AIR MOVEMENT No Change from what is currently required Habitable rooms to have ventilation openings to allow air movement to limit artificial cooling Opening sizes are a percentage of the area of the habitable rooms floor Ventilation openings percentages: –Climate zone 115% of floor area without fans 12.5% of floor area with fans –Climate zone 312.5% of floor area without fans 7.5% of floor area with fans

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Openings providing ventilation to a habitable room in climate zones 1 & 3 must either: 1. Connect a ventilation opening to another in another room via a breeze path- –passing through not more than two opening in an internal wall each opening having an area of not less than 1.5 m 2 ; and –have a distance along the breeze path between ventilation openings of not more than 20m OR 2. Provide a minimum of two ventilation openings in the same habitable room- –with each ventilation opening having an area of not less than 25% of the required area AIR MOVEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING To qualify as a fan it must: Be permanently fixed to the ceiling Have a blade rotation diameter of at least 900mm Have a speed controller To qualify as an evaporative cooler it must: Be permanently fixed to the ceiling AIR MOVEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING To qualify as a fan it must: Be permanently fixed to the ceiling Have a blade rotation diameter of at least 900mm Have a speed controller AIR MOVEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING SERVICES No Change from what is currently required See AS/NZS or.5: –Cold water supply pipe - insulate last 500mm to achieve minimum R-Value of 0.3 –Hot water supply pipe - insulate last 500mm to achieve minimum R-value of 0.3 –External pipes from the water heater to primary kitchen sink to achieve a minimum R-Value of 0.3 Does not apply to Solar hot water heaters in the NT

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS So far we have covered the BCA Deemed-to- Satisfy Provisions. They are one way to comply. Alternative ways to comply are: –A Verification Method: A NatHERS rating of 5 star for the dwelling –Expert Judgement: Peer review Note that the domestic services provisions still apply Methods of achieving compliance Building Solution Performance Requirements Functional Statement Objective Alternative Solution DTS Provisions Guidance Mandatory Documentary Evidence Documentary Evidence Verification Method Expert Judgement Comparative Analysis Assessment methods

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS Verification Method: Computer software - more flexible solution NatHERS approved software Achieve a 5 star rating DEWHA Protocol for Assessor Accrediting Organisations No NT registration AccuRate Training in April

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS Expert Judgement: Free running houses Queensland Peer Review Process NT recognition of Queensland Experts Private contractual arrangements

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING END OF SESSION 1 - HOUSING ANY QUESTIONS?

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING 3.5 STARS ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROVISIONS SESSION 2 - BCA VOLUME ONE APARTMENTS, FLATS AND CARETAKERS RESIDENCE APARTMENTS, FLATS AND CARETAKERS RESIDENCE

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BCA VOLUME ONE SCOPE Eight distinct aspects addressed: 1. Building Fabric (similar items to Housing) 2. Glazing (similar to Housing) 3. Building Sealing (similar to Housing) 4. Air Movement (similar to Housing) 5. Air-Conditioning & Ventilation 6. Artificial Light & power 7. Hot Water Supply (similar to Housing) 8. Access for Maintenance

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING NEW CONCEPT ENVELOPE Envelope means the parts of a buildings fabric that separate a conditioned space or habitable room from (a) the exterior of the building; or (b) a non-conditioned space including (i) the floor of a rooftop plant room, lift-machine room etc and (ii) the floor above a carpark or warehouse and (iii) the common walls with a carpark, warehouse or the like, other than a non-conditioned space through which conditioned air is being exhausted or relieved such as an internal corridor, cleaners room, chemical storage room or exhaust riser. i.e. the envelope is the boundary of the conditioned space

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING NEW CONCEPT ENVELOPE Plan Plant room Bedroom Apartment Two Ensuite Acc ess stair Apartment One Ensuite Stair Plant room Apartment 1 Apartment 2 Car park Elevation

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING THERMAL INSULATION Same as Volume Two: Testing Standard Installation Thermal breaks

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOFS Total R-Value Roof or ceiling generally2.2 Roof of a light colour ( reduction of R0.5)1.7 Ceiling below a non-conditioned space1.1 CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION Plant room Apartment 1 Apartment 2 Car park

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING DOWNLIGHTS & EXHAUST FANS No requirement for apartments, flats and caretakers residences under BCA ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ROOF LIGHTS ROOFS Same as Volume Two Shaft diameter O Ceiling level Roof cladding Roof light Shaft 1/2 Roof light Shaft length L Roof light shaft index = L O Desirable outcome: –Long shaft OR –Small diameter OR –Higher performing roof lights

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING SUMMARY Total R-Values for roofs R2.2 Total R-Values for internal ceilings under non-conditioned spaces R1.1 Thermal break Roof lights ROOFS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING WALLS CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION Solutions: (a)External wall that is part of an envelope, insulate to a Total R-Value of 1.4 OR (b)Shade external wall to 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch) South facing wall exemption below Tennant Creek

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING If external and part of an envelope: –Total R-value of 1.4 OR –Shade Thermal break SUMMARY WALLS

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING FLOORS Climate Zones 1 and 3 insulation –No requirements generally –Only if a floor heating or floor cooling system installed

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING Same calculations as Housing Fewer combinations than Housing e.g. floor type Only need to calculate the glazing for each unique apartment Glazing calculators available (Excel 2003 & 2007) GLAZING

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – BASE CASE

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING & 200 mm PROJECTION

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – BASE CASE

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING GLAZING EXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING & 200 mm PROJECTION

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING BUILDING SEALING The same as Housing Plus a self-closing door, airlock, revolving door or the like at the main entrance leading to a conditioned space –Exemptions include: a conditioned space with a floor area of not more than 50 m 2 OR a café, restaurant, open front shop or the like with a 3 m deep un-conditioned zone and door closers elsewhere Condition ed space > 50m 2

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING AIR MOVEMENT The same as Housing –Air movement –Ventilation openings (for low rise) –Ceiling fans & evaporative coolers Plus May reduce opening area progressively up the building

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING AIR-CONDITIONING & VENTILATION All air-conditioning and ventilating systems: –Shut-down controls –Outdoor air economy cycle (large units in climate zone 3) –Closing of system dampers on shut-down –Insulate ductwork, heating & chilling pipework –Limit re-heat (not in a SOU) –Limit the amount of outside air to no more than 50% above the BCA Section F requires

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING AIR-CONDITIONING & VENTILATION –A maximum fan & pump power allowance –Time clocks (not for systems of individual apartments) –Variable speed chilled water & hot water pumps –Minimum efficiency of: Central boilers Refrigerant chillers Heat rejection plant Large package air-conditioning units All air-conditioning and ventilating systems: Note: Most requirements do not apply to small package units serving individual apartments

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING & POWER Only in common areas of an apartment building (e.g. foyer, corridors, lounge areas, gym etc): Internal provisions include: –Individual light switches –A maximum lamp power allowance –Common area bathrooms etc – high efficiency lamps –Internal display lighting separate switching & time clocked

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING & POWER External lighting provisions include: –If for movement: Be control by daylight sensor or time clock AND Be efficient or motion detector controlled –If for decorative purposes, be separately time switched

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING HOT WATER SUPPLY Same as for Housing ACCESS FOR MAINTENANCE Does not apply

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS So far we have covered the BCA Deemed-to- Satisfy Provisions. They are one way to comply. Alternative ways to comply are: –A NatHERS rating: Each residence - 3 stars minimum All residences stars average Note that the services provisions still apply Methods of achieving compliance Building Solution Performance Requirements Functional Statement Objective Alternative Solution DTS Provisions Guidance Mandatory Documentary Evidence Documentary Evidence Verification Method Expert Judgement Comparative Analysis Assessment methods

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING END OF SESSION 2 APARTMENTS, FLATS & CARETAKERS RESIDENCES ANY QUESTIONS?

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AWARENESS SEMINAR 2010 Building Code of Australia Building Code of Australia Regulatory Measures Commencing 1 May 2010