Exploration and Marine Geology Earth’s Layers Cont. Drift Plate Tectonics Exploration Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $200 Q $200 Q $200 Q $200 Q $300 Q $300 Q $300 Q $300 Q $400 Q $400 Q $400 Q $400 Q $500 Q $500 Q $500 Q $500

$100 Exploration Question What percentage of the ocean is unexplored?

$100 Answer 95%

$200 Exploration Question What directions do latitude and longitude measure, respectively?

Latitude measures North-South Longitude measures East-West $200 Answer Latitude measures North-South Longitude measures East-West

$300 Exploration Question What scientific innovation from the Chinese improved navigation for explorers?

$300 Answer Magnetic Compass

$400 Exploration Question What are the three reasons humans began exploring the ocean?

$400 Answer Food Trade New Land

$500 Exploration Question What is John Harrison best known for? How is their contribution important for ocean exploration?

$500 Answer Inventing the chronometer, which allows accurate navigation of longitude. Explorers can now navigate the oceans more precisely

$100 Earth’s Layers Question In the order from the most dense to the least dense, what are the earths layers based on their composition?

$100 Answer Inner Core Outer Core Mantle Crust

$200 Earth’s Layers Question What is heating the internal layers of the earth?

Radiation/ Radioactive decay from the earth’s inner core $200 Answer Radiation/ Radioactive decay from the earth’s inner core

$300 Earth’s Layers Question What rigid layer “floats” on top of the asthenosphere? What is this layer composed of?

Lithosphere (Crust +rigid upper mantle) $300 Answer Lithosphere (Crust +rigid upper mantle)

$400 Earth’s Layers Question What is two differences between oceanic crust and continental crust?

$400 Answer Continental Oceanic Made of granite Made of Basalt Less dense Most dense Thick crust Thin Crust

$500 Earth’s Layers Question How do scientists indirectly measure the layers of the earth? Why does this measurement work?

$500 Answer Scientists measure earthquakes via seismographs to determine the earths layers. The seismic waves travel through different liquids in different ways, which can be measured scientifically.

$100 Continental Drift Question Who is credited for the idea of Continental Drift? Was their idea widely accepted by scientists at that time?

-No, his idea of Continental drift was thought to be “Crank” $100 Answer Alfred Wagner -No, his idea of Continental drift was thought to be “Crank”

$200 Continental Drift Question Which force was first proposed as a mechanism for Continental Drift?

$200 Answer Centrifugal force

$300 Continental Drift Question What is the energy that drives the movement of the lithospheric plates?

$300 Answer Convection Currents

$400 Continental Drift Question What are two evidences that supports continental drift?

Continents appear to fit together like a puzzle $400 Answer Continents appear to fit together like a puzzle Fossil Records are found on now-separated Continents

$500 Continental Drift Question What is one supporting evidence for seafloor spreading?

$500 Answer Radiometric dating of rocks shows a relationship between the age of rocks and their location on earth Geomagnetic anomalies: the magnetic poles switch Hot Spots

$100 Plate Tectonics Question Plate tectonics involves what two scientific ideas?

$100 Answer Continental Drift And Seafloor Spreading

$200 Plate Tectonics Question What ocean feature on Earth is an example of a divergent boundary?

Mid-Atlantic Ridge Mid-Ocean Ridge $200 Answer Mid-Atlantic Ridge Mid-Ocean Ridge

$300 Plate Tectonics Question Crust is neither created or destroyed at what type of plate boundary?

$300 Answer Transform Boundary

$400 Plate Tectonics Question What kind of feature is formed with the collision of two continental plates?

$400 Answer Mountain Ranges Ex: Himalayan mountains formed with collision of india plate and Eurasia plate

$500 Plate Tectonics Question Describe the main features of plate tectonics

$500 Answer Earth is covered in lithospheric plates that float on the asthenosphere Oceans are constantly moving via seafloor spreading Plates move along earth via convection currents: heat from the mantle

Things that may help while studying for the test. Plate Tectonics Explained (Minute Earth) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwfNGatxUJI Tectonics of the Planet Earth: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kg_UBLFUpYQ