Current Model of the Atom current model based on quantum theory electrons exist in probability clouds called orbitals electrons do NOT orbit nucleus in circular patternelectrons do NOT orbit nucleus in circular pattern How can we keep track of the electrons?How can we keep track of the electrons?

Notation Shells are designated by the principal quantum number n (n=1, n=2, etc.) (bigger n means larger shell) {analogy is floors in apartment building} Each shell is divided into subshells (called s, p, d, f, etc.) (n=1 has s; n=2 has s & p; n=3 has s, p, & d; n=4 has s, p, d, & f) that tell about the shape {analogy is apartments on a floor}

s-orbitals 1s 2s All s subshells contain a single orbital called an s orbital. Every s orbital is spherical; the difference between a 1s, 2s, 3s, etc. is the size.

p-orbitals All p subshells contain three orbitals called p orbitals, one on each of the three axes. Every p orbital is dumbbell shaped; the difference between 2p, 3p, 4p, etc. is the size.

d-orbitals All d subshells contain five orbitals called d orbitals. The difference between 3d, 4d, etc. is the size.

Notation Shells are designated by the principal quantum number n (n=1, n=2, etc.) (bigger n means larger shell) {analogy is floors in apartment building} Each shell is divided into subshells (called s, p, d, f, etc.) (n=1 has s; n=2 has s & p; n=3 has s, p, & d; n=4 has s, p, d, & f) {analogy is apartments on a floor} Each subshell contains orbitals (s has 1, p has 3, d has 5, f has 7) {analogy is rooms in an apartment} Each orbital can contain no more than 2 electrons (spin up and spin down) {analogy is roommates in a room}

An electron configuration shows the distribution of electrons among the subshells of an atom. Fill in order shown (max 2 electrons for s, 6 for p, 10 for d, 14 for f) 6s 6p 6d 6f 5s 5p 5d 5f 4s 4p 4d 4f 3s 3p 3d 2s 2p 1s

Give the full electron configuration for... H1s 1 Li1s 2 2s 1 O1s 2 2s 2 2p 4 Ni1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 8

How does Electron Configuration relate to the Periodic Table?

Give the full electron configuration for... Li Na K 1s 2 2s 1 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1 The electrons in the outer most shell are called the valence electrons. Electrons in the inner shells are core electrons.

Give the electron configuration, and determine the number of valence electrons for... F1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 valence electrons P1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 3 valence electrons