Six Kingdoms

organism any living thing

cell The smallest unit of an organism that can carry out the functions of life

homeostasis an organism’s ability to keep the proper conditions inside no matter what is going on outside the organism

Cells and Characteristics of Life (5) 1. made of cells 2. use energy 3. grow and develop 4. have the ability to reproduce 5. respond to stimuli (changes in the environment ) Emphasize word parts here: phospho= phosphate head; lipid= fatty acid tail bi= 2

3 things that all organisms need Food Water A place to live

classification grouping organisms or objects based on similarities and differences between them

Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish naturalist that developed a system to classify organisms

kingdom the highest level of organization

binomial nomenclature a naming system where every organism is given a two-part name (scientific name)

scientific name the name given to an organism based on the genus to which it belongs and its species name

How do you write the scientific name for an organism? The genus name comes first and is always capitalized The species name comes second and always starts with a lower case letter If typed, use italics; if handwritten, underline it Felis domesticus Felis domesticus Canis familiaris Canis familiaris

Genus and species names Where does the scientific name of a creature come from?

genus A group of similar species

species a group of similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring; the lowest level of classification

dichotomous key a tool to classify organisms by choosing their characteristics from a series of paired statements

Dichotomous Keys The identification of biological organisms can be greatly simplified using tools such as dichotomous keys. A dichotomous key is an organized set of couplets (paired statements) of characteristics of organisms.

Dichotomous Keys You simply compare the characteristics of an unknown organism against an appropriate dichotomous key. These keys will begin with general characteristics and lead to couplets (paired statements) indicating progressively specific characteristics. If the organism falls into one category, you go to the next indicated couplet. By following the key and making the correct choices, you should be able to identify your specimen to the indicated taxonomic level. 

Dichotomous Keys 2 1 2 3 5 4

Dichotomous Keys 1a.Bean is round Garbanzo bean 1b.Bean is elliptical or oblong Go to 2      2a.Bean is white White northern 2b.Bean has dark pigments Go to 3    3a.Bean is evenly pigmented Go to 4 3b.Bean pigmentation is mottled Pinto bean       4a.Bean is black Black bean 4b.Bean is reddish-brown Kidney bean

What saying can help you remember the order of the levels in a classification chart? King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti

What is the order of the levels in a classification chart? Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

unicellular made up of only one cell

multicellular made up of two or more cells

prokaryote a unicellular organism whose cell does not contain a nucleus

eukaryotes a living thing whose cells contain a nucleus

autotroph an organism that is able to make their own food

heterotroph an organism that gets its food by eating other organisms

bacteria unicellular, prokaryotic organisms

protists Eukaryotic organisms that are divided into 3 groups: plant-like, animal-like, and fungus-like

fungi most are multicellular, one kind is unicellular, all are eukaryotic, and heterotrophic

plants multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophic organisms

animals multicellular, eukaryotic, and heterotrophic organisms