Simon Commission 1927 The Nehru Report 1928 Presentation by:

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Presentation transcript:

Simon Commission 1927 The Nehru Report 1928 Presentation by: Maimoona Haider

Simon Commission 1927 To take a stock of various shades of political opinion in India To investigate the progress of reforms 1919

Simon Commission 1927 Indian reaction: opposition, boycott

Some people in India were outraged and insulted. Why? Simon Commission 1927 Indian reaction: opposition, boycott (WHY?) Some people in India were outraged and insulted. Why? Simon Commission, which was to determine the future of India, did not include a single Indian member. It was also opposed because the members were not elected but chosen by the British govt. The Congress resolved to boycott the Commission. A faction of the Muslim League led by Jinnah, also decided to boycott the Commission.

Simon Commission 1927

Abolition of the diarchy. Simon Commission 1927 Recommendations Abolition of the diarchy. Federal system of government should be introduced in India. Extended voting rights. Separate Muslim electorates. Rejected the separation of Sindh from Bombay The demand of the frontier for equal status was also neglected. Rejected one-third Muslim seats in the Central Assembly.

The Nehru Report 1928 Indian political parties boycotted the Commission on the plea that it lacked Indian representation. The British decided to throw the ball in the court of Indian Politicians. All Parties Conference was called at Delhi in January 1928. Attended by around hundred delegates from all the important parties including Indian National Congress, All India Muslim League, National Liberal Federation, Hindu Mahasabha, Central Sikh League etc.

The Nehru Report 1928 Under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru, the Nehru Committee completed its task. Its report, commonly known as Nehru Report was presented in August 1928 to counter the charges that Indians could not find a constitutional consensus among themselves. This report advocated that India be given dominion status of complete internal self-government. Motilal Nehru

Dominion Status for India. The Nehru Report 1928 Dominion Status for India. Federal form of Government in India with bi-cameral parliament. Residuary powers to be vested in Centre. (strong central govt.) No State religion, religious liberty. No separate electorate for minorities. System of weightage to be abolished. No reserved seats for Muslims except in the central Parliament i.e. ¼ seats Hindi to be the official language Universal suffrage for the lower house and the provincial councils. Equal rights for men and women as citizens.

The Nehru Report was rejected by the Muslim League. WHY? Muslim point of view was ignored completely. Congress had turned its back from the concessions made in the Lucknow Pact. Separate electorates, system of weightage, 1/3 Muslims seats denied and thus Muslim political representation was at risk. Muslim League stance of a loose federation with grater provincial autonomy had been rejected. A lot of power in the federal government meant Muslims as a national minority, would not have a large amount of power to control federal policy. On the other hand it would lead to a powerless govt. in Muslim majority provinces. because many Muslims felt that they were being asked to make too many sacrifices.

The Nehru Report 1928 rejected by the Muslim League. WHY? 3. Jinnah’s recommendations were rejected by the Congress, including 1/3 Muslim representation, reforms in NWFP, full provincial status for Sindh and weightage to be given in Punjab and Bengal. Weightage system was important to ensure that Muslims would not be underrepresented. Congress failed to consider Muslim reservations. Jinnah was heckled by the Hindu representatives of Congress. He called it as ‘parting of the ways’. Thus there was no hope of reconciling Congress with the Muslim League.

Unity of all shades of Muslims opinions, (condemned unanimously). The Nehru Report 1928: impacts/consequences Reflection of Hindu hostility and attitude towards the Muslims of India. It marked the end of any future cooperation between Congress and the Muslim League. Unity of all shades of Muslims opinions, (condemned unanimously). Leading Muslim figures, who advocated close links with Congress, were disillusioned and lost trust for it. Turning point of Jinnah’s political carrier. No more effort for the Hindu-Muslim unity, belief in the Two-nation theory and working for Muslims. Increase in communal tension and hatred between the two communities. Led to the famous Fourteen Points of Jinnah.