Pre-Columbian Civilization Aztec and Inca Pre-Columbian Civilization

Political Structure Aztecs Incas Large Empire organized from a central city Monarchy with a board of nobles and priests that advise and help lead Incas Monarchy with nobles posted throughout the empire

Method of Expanding Empire Aztec Fierce conquest and alliances Empire of 30 million people Inca Roads connected and led to future conquered people

Treatment of Conquered People Aztec Tributes: payment from the conquered people Sacrifice Inca Subjugated them and then made them a part of the empire through military service and reward

Role of Religion Aztec Inca Polytheistic Animistic Human Sacrifice gods were above the King and ruled the empire’s daily life Inca Animism

Social Organization Aztec Inca Organized and structured by a class system Inca Organized similarly to the Aztecs Each village was organized according to rank Arranged marriages

Type of Economy Aztec Inca Market: buying and selling controlled by the people Inca Command: buying and selling controlled by the government

Style of Public Buildings Aztec Grand and complex Religious symbols Inca Practical and built into the mountains on terraces Religious significance

Cities Planned/Randomly Built Aztec Planned and artistically designed Complex and well organized Floating gardens Inca Organized and simple Built into the mountains Connected by the road system

Cause and Effect 1 – Able to learn the trade and able to learn about their enemy 2 – Unity builds strength, numbers builds strength 3 – please the gods, to demonstrate the importance of the religion in daily life 4- Increased usable land, increased food production

Cause and Effect 5 – please the gods, show their strength, lessen the population 6 – time, crops and harvesting, tracking weather occurrences 7 – Test of Aztec strength, empire too large 8 – Corruption, too much influence, control issues

Building an Incan Empire Ancient Cultures Common heritage Lessons from ancestors Technological advances Royal Mummies Royal significance Heritage Afterlife

Building an Incan Empire Pachacuti Founder of the Incan Empire Created the Empire by conqueroring the surrounding tribes and folding them into his kingdom Centralized government

Building an Incan Empire System of Government – ruling uniform, structure, defense Language – unity, communication, record keeping Cities – unity, structure, protection Road System – unity, communication, easier movement Economy – unity, structure, functionality Religion – unity, structure, beliefs, reasons