Volcanoes (6.5%) 6 lbs/ac/yr in rainfall SO42- H2S Additions of Sulfur

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Presentation transcript:

Volcanoes (6.5%) 6 lbs/ac/yr in rainfall SO42- H2S Additions of Sulfur Soil Solution SO4 Fertilizers 2S + 3O2 + 2H2O 2H2SO4 Anthropogenic Sources (35%) Volcanoes (6.5%) 6 lbs/ac/yr in rainfall *heterotrophs: chemolithotrophs (Thiobacillus, Beggiatoa), Photolithotrophs (Chlorobium, Chromatium) **Bacteria, fungi, algae, plants Additions of Sulfur Atmospheric SO2 Irrigation Water (Amount added is region dependent) SO42- H2S Soil (34.5%) COS (CH3)2S Ocean (24%)

Inorganic S ** * Soil Solution Actions of Sulfur Plant Residue Microbes Plant Residue Plant Roots Inorganic S Mineralization Desulfuromanas Mineralization, heterotrophs* Redox reactions Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum Immobilization, bacteria, fungi, algae, plants ** * Animal Waste Soil Solution Actions of Sulfur Plants pH > 7 less sulfate adsorbed by plants

* Immobilization Losses of Sulfur Volatilization H2S Soil Solution SO4 Inorganic S S2- Organic S Microbes Leaching Clay Protected organic S Mineralization, heterotrophs Redox reactions Addition of P replaces SO4 exchange sites Losses of Sulfur Desulfuromanas * Immobilization