The Structure of the Atom

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Presentation transcript:

The Structure of the Atom How were electrons and the nucleus discovered?

Discovery of the Electron The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Discovery of the Electron Cathode Rays and Electrons Experiments in the late 1800s showed that cathode rays were composed of negatively charged particles. These particles were named electrons.

Chapter 3 Charge and Mass of the Electron The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Charge and Mass of the Electron Joseph John Thomson’s cathode-ray tube experiments measured the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron. Robert A. Millikan’s oil drop experiment measured the charge of an electron. With this information, scientists were able to determine the mass of an electron.

The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 The Cathode Ray Tube

The Cathode Ray Tube and the Charge of the Electron The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 The Cathode Ray Tube and the Charge of the Electron Complete the phrase: “opposites ___________” What do like charges do? Cathode Ray Demo

What is happening in this picture?

Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus More detail of the atom’s structure was provided in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford and his associates Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden. The results of their gold foil experiment led to the discovery of a very small, yet massive bundle of matter with a positive electric charge. Rutherford called this positive bundle of matter the nucleus.

The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Gold Foil Experiment

The Gold Foil Experiment

Gold Foil Experiment on the Atomic Level The Structure of the Atom Chapter 3 Gold Foil Experiment on the Atomic Level

Milikan Oil Drop Experiment

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