After the defeat of Napoleon, European ministers and rulers met at the Congress of Vienna to redraw the boundaries of Europe. E. Napp

The great powers Of Europe-Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria dominated the Congress (1814-1815). They restored many former rulers and borders. E. Napp

The European “Old Order” was restored. These changes helped to bring Europe back in some measure to the way it had been before the French Revolution. The European “Old Order” was restored. E. Napp

Prince Metternich of Austria was a leader of the Congress of Vienna. E. Napp

Prince Metternich sought to establish a balance of power. This term referred to a system in which the chief powers of Europe were equal in military strength, so that no single power could dominate. E. Napp

To further prevent future French domination or the spread of democratic revolutions in Europe, the four major powers also formed a new alliance. E. Napp

The French Revolution ignited the spirit of nationalism in Europe by spreading the view that government should be based on the will of the people. E. Napp

or crushing nationalist feelings. At the same time, the statesmen at the Congress of Vienna were intent on ignoring or crushing nationalist feelings. E. Napp

The thirty years following the Congress of Vienna witnessed a series of unsuccessful revolutions in Italy, Germany, and Poland. E. Napp

However, both Greece and Belgium achieved independence by 1830. E. Napp

French citizens established a constitutional monarchy that same year. E. Napp

In 1848, revolutionary fever gripped Europe. The French overthrew their constitutional monarchy and France became a republic. However, other revolutions were put down. E. Napp

The old order could not be restored forever. E. Napp