Cell division Mitosis.

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Presentation transcript:

cell division Mitosis

Why do cells divide? There’s not enough DNA to regulate a very large cell It would have trouble moving material across the cell membrane if it was too big (volume vs. surface area)

chromosomes Carry genetic information Made of DNA Every organism has a specific number (46 in humans, 18 in carrots) Not visible except in cell division

The cell cycle

Interphase Cells grow Double their DNA Prepare to divide

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT) Phases of Mitosis

Prophase c/s are visible Centrioles go to opposite sides, spindle forms (only in animal cells) Nucleolus disappears Nuclear envelope breaks down

metaphase c/s line up in the middle Centromeres attach to the fibers

anaphase Chromatids separate and are now c/s

telophase Getting ready for division Nucleus reforms

cytokinesis Division of cytoplasm In plants a cell plate forms in order to pinch off