Plant Processes

Types of Tissue Dermal tissue – protective outer layer Vascular tissue – transport water and nutrients Ground tissue – store sugars (potato) and supports the plant

Growth Meristems – where new plant cells are made As the roots and stem grow taller, more cells are made Found in tips of stems and roots (apical meristems) At first, they are unspecialized (no special function) Then they develop into the different types of tissue

Growth of Stems Primary growth – elongation of the new cells made by apical meristems Plant gets taller Secondary growth – increase in thickness of stems and roots

Photosynthesis Light energy  chemical energy Occurs in the chloroplast found in the leaves CO2 + H2O + Sunlight --- C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight ------- glucose (sugar) + oxygen + water

Cellular Respiration Breaks down glucose into usable energy for the plant C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + energy glucose (sugar) + oxygen  Carbon dioxide + water + energy

Transpiration Transpiration – loss of water from leaves Exits through the stomata Water lost through transpiration is replaced by water absorbed by the roots and into the xylem

Guard cells – surround the stomata and control their opening and closing A lot of water creates pressure that opens the guard cells Lets water out and carbon dioxide in If there is not enough water, the pressure will decrease and close the stomata