Market Revolution and Manifest Destiny

Agenda Bell Ringer: Notes: Market Revolution and Manifest Destiny (25 minutes) James Polk’s Presidency (7 minutes) The Oregon Trail Simulation (If computers work) (30 minutes) Alternate: Effects of the Oregon Trail Video Clip Class Simulation of the Oregon Trail

Market Revolution Many farmers moved from self- sufficiency to cash crops, depending on the region. Many people invested in industrialization during this period (1840s) New inventions increased American productivity and common styles emerge IM Singer, Clothing Vulcanized Rubber Telegraph Railroads and Canals

Economic Revolution Telegraph, created by Sam Morse, provided instant communication between businesses throughout the country. Steamships could travel upriver, and this improved travel and the ability to trade. Erie Canal would lower the cost of trading goods East to West by 90% Railroads would replace canals as the dominant form of commerce and trade.

New Markets: North and South There are many new economic opportunities North and South The South remains in agriculture, Cotton being the dominant crop. Most investment is in slaves, so little industrialization occurs The North continues to advance with a rise in manufacturing. Erie Canal, railroads, telegraphs aid in this progress. Midwest Farming advances with help from John Deere and Cyrus McCormick.

Manifest Destiny America’s goal is to expand to the Pacific Ocean. Movement westward was ordained by “God” Abundance of land in the west promoted settlement of Americans West of the Mississippi.

Settlers and Native Americans As settlers move west, there is increasing conflict with Natives Black Hawk War- in 1832, a rebellion against the US was launched from Illinois. It only ended with 200 Sauk and Fox natives being killed. Remainder would be relocated West of the Mississippi. Middle ground represented land where trade and harmony was promoted. (Mainly near the Rockies, were land wasn’t as valuable) Fort Laramie Treaty- An attempt at peace with the Natives. By ceding land to those tribes, the tribes allowed safe passage of settlers west.

Trails West Santa Fe Trail Oregon Trail Mormon Migration to Salt Lake Trade route to New Mexico. Fur, weapons, and silver traded along the route. Oregon Trail Aided in the settlement of shared territory in the West. Trip took months, many died of dysentery, cholera, and fever. People would commonly lose possessions as they crossed rivers. Mormon Migration to Salt Lake Joseph Smith began the journey west, but after someone criticized his beliefs, he burned a printing press. Anti- Mormon sentiment led to his death. Brigham Young would finish the journey with the Mormon faith settling in Salt Lake “Fifty-Four or Fight” Polk’s campaign wanted to settle the territory British trading was declining in the area, so they agreed to extend the mainland boundary to the 49th parallel.