Pueblo and Plains Cultures TEXAS HISTORY Chapter 3: Section 3 Pueblo and Plains Cultures

The Jumanos and the Tiguas They lived by trading and hunting bison. They acted as middlemen, or go-betweens, for the eastern farming tribes (CADDOS), and the western Pueblo people. They traded products such as corn, squash, and beans for animal skins and meat.

The Jumanos and the Tiguas They traded for decorative items, the Jumanos arrows were so well made that the eastern tribes were eager to trade for them. Jumanos had distinctive striped tattoos on their faces. Men cut their hair short except for one long lock to which they tied colorful feathers.

The Jumanos and the Tiguas When there was no rain and the crops failed, the Jumanos gathered and ate mesquite beans, prickly pear tunas, and other edible cacti. They also hunted small animals, deer, and buffalo. The farmhouses of the Pueblo Jumanos were unlike the houses of the Gulf and Southeastern cultures.

The Jumanos and the Tiguas A typical Jumano house was large with flat roofs and made of poles and branches covered with sun-dried earth and straw called adobe. Adobe houses stayed cool in summer and warm in winter.

The Spaniards reintroduced the horse to the Americas around A.D. 1500 The Tonkawas lived along the southeastern edge of the Edwards Plateau.

The Mescaleros and the Lipans were two important Apache groups in Texas. Comanche life centered on two-activities – hunting and war. Kiowa families lived in teepees that were made of tanned hides and were easy to move.