UNIT 1 MODULE 3 : VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION CAPE BIOLOGY

OBJECTIVE Discuss examples of asexual reproduction in plants e.g. ginger, meristems, hormone stimulation.

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION DEFINITION The formation of new plants from the outgrowth of old ones. This outgrowth separates from the parent plant. It can occur naturally but it is exploited in agriculture to propagate crop plants – this is known as artificial propagation. Vegetative propagation can occur in a number of organs

PERENNATING ORGANS These are organs of propagation, they can store food and can survive harsh conditions such as cold or lack of water.

BULB Swollen underground storage leaves with short stem. Surrounded by brown scaly leaves. Onions, garlic

CORM Short underground stem which grows vertically. It is surrounded by scale leaves and has adventious roots. Eddoe

RHIZOME Horizontal underground stem with leaves, buds and adventitious roots. New growth from axillary bud Ginger

TAPROOT Swollen main root with a short stem. Carrot, radish

STEM TUBER Swollen ends of an underground stem. New plants grow from axillary buds. White potato

ROOT TUBER Swollen ends of a fibrous root. Sweet potato

STOLON Horizontally growing stem which forms adventitious roots and leaves at their ends. Spider Plant bluemooncandles.wordpress.com

RUNNER A branch of the main stem which lengthens and creeps along the surface of the ground. It has scale leaves and buds from which adventitious roots and new plants grow. Sweet hearts, water grass alevelnotes.com

LEAF BUD Develop along edges of the leaf. These grow into new plants. Some succulents tutorvista.com

SUCKER Arise from the underground part of the plant. Bananas hardytropicals.org