The physics of braking In this section you will:-

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Presentation transcript:

The physics of braking In this section you will:- apply Newton’s law to practical situations know how the stopping distance can be affected by the road conditions understand the processes happening in the body and how they give rise to the reaction time

the car has a mass of 1.25Tonnes (1250kg) it decelerates at 2m/s to avoid hitting the child work out the braking force using Newton’s law 1 Applying Newton’s law 2 F = m x a = x = Click to check your answer

the car has a mass of 1.25Tonnes it decelerates at 2m/s to avoid hitting the child work out the braking force using Newton’s law 1 Applying Newton’s law 2 2 F = m x a = 1250 x 2 = 2500 m/s

2 Changing the conditions Unfortunately this morning there was ice on the road. If the driver avoids skidding he can only use 2000N of braking force. work out the cars deceleration today. a = F/m = / = What difference does this make? How should the car be driven differently in icy conditions?

2 Changing the conditions Unfortunately this morning there was ice on the road. If the driver avoids skidding he can only use 2000N of braking force. work out the cars deceleration today. 2 Changing the conditions 2 a = F/m = 2000 / 1250 = 1.6m/s What difference does this make? Less force means less deceleration larger stopping distance SORRY! How should the car be driven differently in icy conditions? More slowly

3 How it works Step 1 Light travels to the driver(she sees the danger) Step 2 Information sent from her eyes to the brain Step 3 Signal sent as a nerve impulse to the foot Step 4 Muscles move the foot to the brake pedal Step 5 The brake is pressed

1 Explain why it takes time to react Questions 1 Explain why it takes time to react 2 People often feel perfectly normal after drinking alcohol. Why is it a bad idea for people to drink and drive? 3 (a) Explain what happens to the braking force when the road is icy. (b) What happens as a result of this change to the braking force? Click for the answers

1 Explain why it takes time to react Answers 1 Explain why it takes time to react 2 People often feel perfectly normal after drinking alcohol. Why is it a bad idea for people to drink and drive? 3 (a) Explain what happens to the braking force when the road is icy. (b) What happens as a result of this change to the braking force? It takes time for the brain to receive and send signals It takes time to move you foot across and put it on the brake It slows down their reactions/the thinking distance will be a bigger distance It has to be smaller otherwise the car will skid The car will travel a larger distance before it stops

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