Age of Exploration

Purpose Economic- accumulate resources, increase trade, grow economy, increase use of money, finance wars and exploration Political- power, prestige, new territory Religion- spread Christianity, stop Islamic Expansion Cultural Diffusion- sharing of ideas or products between cultures

Benefits Arabs- triangular sails (effective sailing) Muslims- astrolabe (determine location) Chinese- magnetic compass (accurate location) Maps, ship design, new way of thinking (bold, risk takers)

Portugal Leaders in exploration on water Established trading post along west coast of Africa Prince Henry supported explorations through education Henry started school for explorers (map makers, mathematicians, astronomers, scientists, sea captions)

Explorers 1487- Bartolomeu Dias sailed around southern tip of Africa (Cape Code of Hope) 1492- Christopher Columbus discovered West Indies and North America, supported by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella 1497- Vasco da Gama sailed from Portugal to India, 1st to sail to India

Treaty of Tordesillas Rivalry between Spain and Portugal over who discovered India 1st Pope Alexander VI stepped in to divide the two countries Line of Demarcation- west-Spain, east-Portugal (included parts of Brazil)

Ferdinand Magellan 1519 sailed west to Eastern Coast of South America Portuguese but sailed under Spanish Flag Strait of Magellan- strip of water between Atlantic and Pacific Killed in Philippines, his sailors return to Spain, 1st to circumnavigate (circle the world)

European Colonization Portugal continued to build trade empire throughout the Indian Ocean Dutch declared independence from Spain and established Dutch Republic and took over the Indian Ocean trade France and England small time traders Mercantilism became the economy theory, colonies existed solely for the benefit of the mother country Resources: gold/silver, land, spices, silks, people