Aim: How did the anxieties raised by the Cold War affect life in the United States? Do Now: HW#52 Review

QUESTIONS: Who made the film? According to the video, what is the ‘new danger’ that exists in America? Based on the video, what do you have to do in case of an atomic bomb explosion?

By 1949 both the U. S. and the USSR had nuclear weapons By 1949 both the U.S. and the USSR had nuclear weapons. An ‘Arms Race’ had begun. In 1961, the Soviet Union, however, created the largest bomb in history, the ‘Tsar Bomb’. http://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/

Duck and Cover Drills

The Bomb Shelter Craze

A shelter that this family like many other families in the 1950s constructed to protect themselves in case of an atomic bomb attack by the Soviet Union

The 2nd Red Scare The McCarthy Era a.k.a. The McCarthy Era

Senator Joseph McCarthy Wisconsin Senator looking for media attention to help him get re-elected. In a campaign speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, McCarthy claims to have a list of 205 known communists working in the US State Department.

McCarthyism McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of treason without proper evidence. The 1950s in the US became known as the McCarthy era because it was characterized by a fear of communists traitors.

For communist traitors in the country McCarthyism a.k.a. “witch hunt” For communist traitors in the country

HUAC HUAC- House Un-American Activities Committee 􏰁group in Congress whose purpose was to investigate ALL radical groups in the U.S., specially communists.

The House on Un-American Activities Committee HUAC

“You read books, eh?” Social Studies teacher!

The Hollywood Ten Hollywood Ten was a group of screenwriters who were accused of being Communist.􏰀 They did not cooperate with the HUAC's investigation. refused to admit to being in the Communist Party wouldn’t provide any names of others who might be Communists Punished! The ten were fined and sentenced to a year in jail. They were also blacklisted from working in the film industry in Hollywood, until the 1960's when the ban was lifted.

“The Hollywood Ten”

Loyalty program Truman issued an executive order which set up a program to check the loyalty of federal employees. The FBI investigated federal workers (including teachers) by wiretapping conversations, breaking into houses, and stealing personal items to use as evidence that a person was or was not communist or a spy. If there existed "reasonable grounds" to doubt an employee's loyalty, he or she would be fired.

Closure Analyze the political cartoon and evaluate its message.

What does this cartoon imply about the methods of HUAC? Read the title... What does this cartoon imply about the methods of HUAC? October 31, 1947 Washington Post

"You mean I'm supposed to stand on that?” In February 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed that he held in his hand, a list of names of some 205 communists in the State Department which he did not reveal. Many members of Congress, began to support him. In this cartoon, conservative Republican senators, Kenneth S. Wherry, Robert A. Taft, and Styles Bridges and Republican National Chairman Guy Gabrielson push a reluctant GOP elephant to mount the unsavory platform. This was the first use of the word "McCarthyism."

Day #2

Aim: How did the anxieties raised by the Cold War affect life in the United States? Do Now One the top of your worksheet write down the facts about your character. Do NOT show your card. These will be used in order to have conversations with your peers. Please make sure you include every little piece of information that you can….These can later help you if you need to prove that you are not a communist.

Who's a Communist?!? Directions: You will be posing as a person who lived during the Red Scare. Read and become familiar with your biography, remember it is for your eyes only! Then, mingle with your peers and ask them questions about themselves to determine whether they are a communist or a loyal American. Take notes on your graphic organizer as you talk to each person in your class. Your goal is to form a group of students that have no Communist spies. How you win: If you are a loyal American:​ Your goal is to form an “America Against Red” group with no Communist spies. The largest group with no Communist spies wins the game! If you are a Communist: ​Your goal is to infiltrate an “America Against Red” group. Try to earn your way into a group without being detected by your peers. You must answer questions about your background honestly, but you should tell NO ONE of your communist ties. Every Communist who successfully infiltrates a group wins!

Questions to help… What was your job? Where were you born? Where are your parents from? Have you ever been investigated by HUAC? (The House of Un-American Activities Committee) What are some of your political views? Have you had an significant accomplishments in your life?

Reflection Was it easy or difficult to locate the communist spies? Explain. How does this activity relate to the Cold War time period? What kind of questions did you ask to help you identify communist spies? How effective were the communist spies at hiding their identities? Explain.

The Hiss case 1948- Alger Hiss was a government official accused of spying for the Soviet Union. Although no solid proof linked Hiss to espionage, he was fired. - Alger Hiss testifies before HUAC

The Rosenberg's Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were accused of passing nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union. The Rosenberg’s executed for espionage.

The Army-McCarthy hearings (1954) In 1954, the US Senate decides to conduct nationally televised hearings, to investigate McCarthy’s several accusations. McCarthy was exposed as a bully and a fraud and was censured by the US Senate.