3.1 Compounds.

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Presentation transcript:

3.1 Compounds

A compound = a pure substance made up of two or more kinds of elements that are chemically combined

A chemical bond = a link between 2 or more atoms that hold the atoms together

Two Types of Chemical Bonds SHARING ELECTRONS DONATING ELECTRONS Covalent Bonds Ionic Bonds

Covalent Bonds are found in Covalent Compounds Atoms combine by sharing VALENCE ELECTRONS Covalent compounds are also called: MOLECULES ONLY Non– Metal + Non – Metal combine to form COVALENT COMPOUNDS (Molecules)!!

Valence Electrons are shared between atoms Covalent Compounds Valence Electrons are shared between atoms + hydrogen fluoride hydrogen fluorine electrons are shared

IONS Atom or a group of atoms with net negative or positive charge POSITIVELY CHARGED ION = NEGATIVELY CHARGED ION = CATION ANION

IONIC COMPOUNDS Formed by an attraction of positively charged ion and negatively charged ion Chemical formula NaCl

Formed when electron(s) are transferred from a metal to a non - metal IONIC COMPOUNDS Formed when electron(s) are transferred from a metal to a non - metal Chemical formula NaCl

Cations and Anions are attracted to each other  IONIC BONDING NaCl

Attraction between cations and anions IONIC COMPOUNDS Attraction between cations and anions

Attraction between cations and anions IONIC COMPOUNDS Attraction between cations and anions

Attraction between cations and anions IONIC COMPOUNDS Attraction between cations and anions

Exist as a solid in the form of an IONIC LATTICE IONIC COMPOUNDS Exist as a solid in the form of an IONIC LATTICE IONIC LATTICE is a repeating pattern of positive (cations) and negative (anions) ions

READING CHECK Page 79

BLM 1 – 30 Chemical Bonds Concept map

Anatomy of a Chemical Formula

Anatomy of a Chemical Formula How many atoms of each element in each of the formulas? CO2 CaCl2 Fe2O3 How many CaCl2? How many calcium atoms? How many chlorine atoms? How many Fe2O3? How many iron atoms? How many oxygen atoms? How many CO2? How many carbon atoms? How many oxygen atoms?

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Polyatomic Ions COVALENT and IONIC COMPOUNDS can be found together in the same compounds

POLYATOMIC means “many” “atoms” Polyatomic Ions POLYATOMIC means “many” “atoms”

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Making copper(II)chloride http://www.paulslab.com/experiments/making-copper-chloride.html