Managing the risk Mhairi McGowan Head of ASSIST & Domestic Abuse Services Community Safety Glasgow 0141 276 7710 Mhairi.mcgowan@glasgow.gov.uk

Outline Outline of current risk management processes across Scotland Court processes overview Strengths and Challenges

ASSIST Advocacy project operating across West Command Police Scotland Linked to Glasgow, Ayr & Edinburgh Domestic Abuse Courts but info sent to all courts Work across 12 local authority areas Immediate CJ response within 24 hours until ‘case’ disposed of Risk Assessment Safety Planning Practical needs Support engagement with and throughout court process Information to and from the court at each stage Children’s service but limited Co-ordinate and support risk management processes Participate in Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conferences (MARAC) in 5 LA areas Partner in Police Multi Agency Tasking & Coordinating Groups (MATAC) and DSDAS Adopted National Intelligence Model (NIM) Post court disposal Facilitate access to community services who can provide ongoing support Address barriers to services Build a coordinated community response

Risk Management processes Child Protection Adult protection Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conference (MARAC) – high risk DA victims Multi Agency Tasking and Coordinating (MATAC) – serial and serious DA perpetrators MAPPA 4

Child Protection Arises across GBV Helping children in immediate danger CPO Exclusion Order Child Assessment Order Removal of the child Everyone has responsibility 5

Child Protection Process Assessment of risk What harm, is it significant? Investigation NORM MASH Response No further action Joint Investigation Case Conference Child Protection Register (and Plan) Feasible that university may be involved if an issue arises with the child of a student – or any other member of staff Norm and MASH All DA incidents involving a child Police and SW Risk & Concern Hub MASH NORM EEI Immediate safety plan and decisions 6

Domestic Abuse – Risk Management processes Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conference (MARAC) – high risk victims Multi Agency Tasking and Coordinating (MATAC) – serial and serious perpetrators 7

MARAC Originated in Cardiff 2003. Roll-out in England and Wales began in 2006 Safety in Numbers (2009) – 7/10 women who received support from an IDVA reported no further violence. Saving Lives, Saving Money (2010) 60% of high risk victims report no further violence after receiving support from an IDVA/IDAA and MARAC. MARAC Outcomes data (2011) - 45% of victims experienced no further police call outs, 20% of victims had fewer reported incidents MARAC – for every £1 spent, £6 saved – 60% of high risk victims reported no further violence after receiving support from an IDVA and MARAC. A local, multi agency victim-focused meeting where information is shared on the highest risk cases of domestic violence and abuse between different statutory and voluntary sector agencies Originated in Cardiff 2003. Evaluation showed reduction in repeats by 42% in the first year (Robinson). Began in 2005 Piecemeal introduction Currently in Scotland 29 Maracs held per month 24 out of 32 local authority area plus one suspended Remaining 7 at varying stages of development

MARAC stats average June 2015 Number of MARACs sending in data 286 Number of cases discussed 78, 763 Number of children associated 101, 118 % MARAC repeats 25% % Partner agency referrals 36% % BME victims 15% % LGBT victims 0.9% % Victims with Disability 3.6% % Male Victims 4.6%

Marac in Scotland Began in 2005 Piecemeal introduction Currently 29 Maracs held per month 28 out of 32 local authority area Remaining 4 at varying stages of development

Marac in Scotland Professional judgement Visible high risk (RIC 14) Escalation (police call outs) Repeat Case should be referred again if any agency receives a report of a further incident in 12mths which includes Violence or threats of violence to the victim (including threats against property), or stalking or harassment, or Rape or sexual abuse

Practitioner to Representative Representative to Practitioner The Marac Process… Practitioner to Representative Representative to Practitioner Identify & Risk assess Referral Research Marac Meeting Information Sharing & Action planning Implement & feedback Idaa / High risk victim and their children / Idaa Link practitioner and MARAC representative’s roles – reaffirms Multi agency shared responsibility Other DV victims – local services

MARAC Case Study Part 1 Part 2 Complete a SafeLives DASH checklist What would you do? Part 2 What safety planning actions could be instigated

MATAC Police process for tackling serious and serial perpetrators Aims to reduce the number of domestic related homicides; to reduce the number of victims of domestic abuse; increase the number of domestic abuse crimes detected increase the number of non-domestic abuse related crimes detected where the offender is a perpetrator of domestic abuse. Equal partnership – includes local DA service, Social Work and Housing 14

MATAC Results More effective partnership working and intelligence management concerning sensitive and critical information. Shorter timeframe for delivering a preventative or responsive measure. Multi-agency response which provides optimum support to victims. More effective use of critical resources and skills. 15

Strengths of risk management model High risk DA victims in Scotland are more visible Sharing of information and knowledge of DA risk factors is increasing Joint Working Organisational culture changes Tracking victims and perpetrators Example Wm Lynn 16

DA Challenges to CJ system Counter allegations Special Bail conditions and the interaction with civil processes Getting witnesses to court Sheriff’s knowledge of complexity of DA Understanding victim’s reticence/or language Creative solutions Criminal NHO’s Long SD’s RLO - ‘away from’ or ‘within’ Early release From bulletin 10.2.17 Jen highlighted disappointing court experiences that young people fedback to her this week – one young person with additional support needs felt blamed for the incident with his martial arts hobby being brought up to support this claim. A 9yr old felt was being accused of lying to collude with mother against perpetrator & felt really attacked. Also a number of young people were frightened and distressed because special bail conds were removed between the Accused being found guilty and sentencing. A good but late outcome for a child witness where a civil case was running parallel to a criminal case. Child had been instructed to maintain contact with the Accused throughout the wait for the trial, despite child being clear this was not wanted. The contact arrangements involved a solicitor being paid to come and remove the child from home to go to contact. The child began self-harming. A Bar Reporter produced a report acknowledging the child did not want any contact but recommending that overnight contact was given to the Accused. Child was expected to go to contact the day after appearing in the criminal court when the court was told child hated dad & didn’t want to see him again. At the civil hearing a week later, the Sheriff stopped all contact, advised that the child’s wishes had been clear and should never have been made to maintain contact with acc whilst a witness against him. Child expressed total relief and is getting support.

Challenges Need to strengthen inclusion/cross-sectionality Lack of consistency Non statutory processes Cyclical multi agency changes Lack of consistent training Language ‘one’s as bad as the other’ ‘volatile relationship’ Different organisational cultures 18

Aim… Safety #emilytest Safe and Together perpetrator’s pattern of coercive control Actions taken by perpetrator to harm the child Full spectrum of non offending parent’s efforts to protect the safety and wellbeing of the child Adverse impact of the perpetrator’s behaviour on the child Role of substance misuse, mental health, culture and other socio-economic factors Drive challenges perpetrators of domestic abuse. It will develop, test and evaluate a new model to permanently change perpetrator behaviour to make victims and families safe. To reduce the number of victims, we must reduce the number of perpetrators. The Drive Partnership is made up of SafeLives, Respect and Social Finance. The pilot prowill be delivered in Essex, South Wales and West Sussex. It is funded by Lloyds Bank Foundation for England and Wales, Tudor Trust and the Police and Crime Commissioners in all three areas. It has also benefited from local authority support One Front Door integrating MASH and MARAC 19