Designing a Housing Complex for The Elderly with Dementia: A Case Study of a Nursing Home in a Southern City in Taiwan Presenter Po-Tsung Chen PhD; Department of Architecture at Chang Kung University Co-Author Ru-Yuh You The Supervisor of Tainan City YMCA Care Center

Outline 1.The Origin of Research, Research Methods and Research Objectives 2. Literature Review, and Planning and Design Criteria 3. Synopsis of the Actual Case and Research Results 4. Conclusion

1. The Origin of Research, Research Methods and Research Objectives (A) The Origin of Research (i) Consideration of the Continuity of Community Life of Elderly with Dementia (ii) An Increasing Tendency Towards Assisted Living Apartments for Elderly with Dementia (iii) Practical Design Criteria

(B) Research Methods (i) Literature Review is used to propose the basic criteria for designing assisted living apartments for elderly with dementia (ii) Confirmation of Design Criteria through participation in an actual case

(C) Research Objectives (i) To confirm the criteria for designing assisted living apartments for elderly with dementia according to the social welfare concept. (ii) The Incorporation of Basic Design Criteria in an Actual Case.

(A) Literature review of the social welfare concept suggests (i) Deinstitutionalization and Community Integration (ii) Care Units (iii) Group Homes (iv) Small-Scale Multi-Function Service 2. Literature Review, and Planning and Design Criteria

(B) The criteria for designing assisted living apartments for elderly with dementia according to the social welfare concept (i) Provision of Community Interactive Space (ii) Design of Assisted Living Care Units (iii) Multilayered Spatial Design (iv) Design of Small-Scale and Individualized Care Units (v) Consideration of Space for Daycare (vi) Create a Healthy Living Environment

3.Synopsis of the Actual Case and Results (A) Synopsis of Actual Case: LIN-AN NURSING HOME Source: Tainan YMCA Youth Magazine, No. 478

(i) Investigation and Integration of Community Resources Park Market Hospital Market Park Church LIN-AN NURSING HOME

First Floor Plan (ii) Ground Floor Spatial Design Space for Community Interaction Daycare Center Community Center Outdoor Hiking Trail Courtyard Outdoor Yard Semi- Outdoor Space 8m wide alley 30m wide Min Chuen Road Section 3 Central Kitchen Office Area

(iii) Standard Design of Care Unit for Second and Third Floors The Horizontal Plane of Second and Third Floors A Total of 5 Care Units for Elderly with Dementia. Each Care Unit has 8 to 13 beds. Care Unit Individualized Lodging Space Caring Space Semi-Public Space Individualized Lodging Space

Living Space Single Bedroom Dining Space Open Kitchen Balcony Garden Public Interaction Space Nursing Space Exercise Path Balcony Garden (iv) Standard Design of Care Unit for Second and Third Floors Single Bedroom The Horizontal Plane of Second and Third Floors A Total of 5 Care Units for Elderly with Dementia. Each Care Unit has 8 to 13 beds.

Provision of Community Interaction Space for Elderly with Dementia (V) Photographs

YMCA stresses the importance of the Concept of Healthy Management, which links with the outdoor activity of elderly with dementia. Provision of Diverse Activities in Semi-Outdoor Space Integration of Elderly Daycare Center with Green Space (V) Photographs

Building a Safe Alameda for Elderly with Dementia Designing a Safe and Versatile Courtyard for Elderly with Dementia Creating a Heterogeneous Space (V) Photographs

Incorporate Vivid and Recognizable Color Palette into Interior Design Create a Mutually Supportive Environment for Elderly with Dementia Emphasis on Natural Lighting and Illumination (V) Photographs

Emphasis on Quality Service in a Home-Like Atmosphere Emphasis on Residential Home Care and Well-Being of Elderly with Dementia Preparation of Meals in Care Units (V) Photographs

(viii) Design Results 1. A Total of 5 Care Units. Each Care Unit has 8 to 10 Bedrooms, 68 Beds in total. Provision of Single Rooms, and Double Rooms for Married Couples 2. There are 19 current residents, and 13 of them have dementia. 15 current patrons receive daycare services, and 10 of them have dementia. 3. Provision of Healthy Lifestyles During the Different Phases of Dementia 4. From Public to Private Design: Lobby, Entrance Hall, Living Space, and Individual Bedrooms on Each Floor 5. It enables residents in two care units become closer neighbors, strengthens social interaction, and aids elderly with dementia to thrive in familiar environments

(ix) Research Results (1) Provision of Community Interaction Space (a) continued to engage in outdoor activities in their community in the company of care-staff. (b) continuation of outdoor activities and social interaction with friends. (c) Community organizations organize activities in outdoor space in order to help elderly residents to stay in touch with the outside world. (2) Design of Assisted Living Care Unit (a) With the provision of single rooms in each care unit, elderly residents are encouraged to create a home-like atmosphere, improving the quality of life. (b) Elderly residents are able to maintain intimate relationships with their own families.

(c) Developed stability and a sense of community. (d) Elderly residents build meaningful relationships with other residents (e) Nursing care unit has turned into an interior living space for elderly residents to engage in leisure activities at night.

(3) Multilayered Spatial Design (a) Allows residents to adapt quickly (3-7 days). (b) Allows elderly residents to maintain stability. (4) Design of Small-Scale and Individualized Care Units (a) Elderly residents become familiar easily with the design and services of the home. (b) However, elderly with dementia can become lost on their own again if they return to their own homes.

(5) Consideration of Daycare Space (a) The provision of daycare services provides opportunities for social interaction among the elderly residents during the day. (b) The provision of daycare services gives future elderly residents an opportunity to learn to adapt to the new environment. (c) Daycare services allows elderly residents to adjust to a new pace of life.

(6) A Proposed Concept of a Healthy Living Environment (a) Allows elderly residents to engage in outdoor leisure activities daily. (b) Provides elderly residents with semi-outdoor space. (c) Provides elderly residents with suitable outdoor or semi- outdoor activities. (d) Limits the influence of weather on elderly residents willingness to participate in outdoor activities

4.Conclusion (A)The proposed criteria for the Social Welfare Concept design is effective. (i) Provision of Community Interactive Space (ii) Design of Assisted Living Care Units (iii) Multilayered Spatial Design (iv) Design of Small-Scale and Individualized Care Units (v) Consideration of Space for Daycare (vi) Create a Healthy Living Environment

(B) The Social Welfare Concept provides the Continuity of Care for Elderly with Dementia (C) The Social Welfare Concept Incorporates Individualized care into the Living Environment of Elderly with Dementia

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