Chromosomal Mutations

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Chromosomal Mutations Target: I will be able to identify the main types of chromosomal mutations. Mutations, Crossing Over, and Independent Assortment increase genetic variation in a population. Pg. 35

Crossing Over: exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. a b c d e a b c D E A B C D E A B C d e

Mutation: A sudden change in the structure or the amount of genetic material.

Types of Chromosomal Mutations: Chromosomal Mutation: An abnormal change in the structure of all or part of a chromosome or the number of chromosomes. Types of Chromosomal Mutations: 1. Deletion: When a piece of chromosome is missing. t w x y z t x y z

2. Duplication/Addition: When a piece of chromosome is added to the homologous chromosome. x y z t w x y y z

3. Translocation: When a piece of chromosome is added to the nonhomologous chromosome. w x y z a b a b c d e t w x y z

4. Inversion: When the order of genes is switched in a chromosome. x w t y z t w x y z

5. Nondisjunction: When disjunction doesn’t occur correctly during anaphase of meiosis, so the gamete has an extra or missing chromosome. The pulling apart of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids is called disjunction  a b c d e a b c d e t w x y z a b c d e t w x y z T W X Y Z A B C D E A B C D E T W X Y Z

R r R r R r R r R r R r

Chromosomal Mutations Summary:

Diagraming Mutations Deletion Duplication (Addition) Translocation Inversion Nondisjunction Crossing Over In each box draw and example of each mutation by showing the original parent chromosome(s) and then the resulting mutation. *Use a minimum of 4 colors* Pg. 34