Psychology.

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Presentation transcript:

Psychology

the study of human and animal behavior and mental processes What is Psychology? the study of human and animal behavior and mental processes

2 Types of Psychologists Research Psychologist study the origins, causes or results of certain behaviors Applied Psychologist use information to deal with people and problems directly

Wilheim Wundt “father of psychology” 1879 – opened the first laboratory that studied humans believed in introspection – “looking into yourself”

Schools of Thought Psychoanalytic Behaviorism Neurobiological Sociocultural Cognitive Humanistic

a system of viewing the individual as the product of the unconscious Psychoanalytic a system of viewing the individual as the product of the unconscious

Psychoanalytic Sigmund Freud Psychoanalyst Created comprehensive theory of personality Believed we are who we are because of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences Pleasure principle – mind tries to gain happiness and avoid pain Created the idea of defense mechanisms

Behaviorism behavior based on learning and associations (ex. Kid touches hot stove and burns themselves – learns not to touch hot stove again)

Behaviorism John Watson Behaviorist Studied the impact of learning and associations on human behavior Little Albert experiment

Behaviorism BF Skinner Behaviorist Studied what can be seen Believed we become what the environment forces us to be Observable psychology Believed people had no free will Skinner box

behavior based on nervous system functions and biology Neurobiological behavior based on nervous system functions and biology

Sociocultural behavior based on the rules and expectations of specific groups or cultures

Cognition – thinking or mental processes Cognitive behavior based on various internal sentences or thoughts (little conversations in your head) Cognition – thinking or mental processes

Humanistic belief that people are basically good and are capable of helping themselves

Humanistic Carl Rogers Humanist Once a minister Believed people were worthwhile creatures with free will and choice Believed everyone can be great with a little guidance

Created the “hierarchy of needs” Humanistic Abraham Maslow Created the “hierarchy of needs”