Ratification Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

The Draft is Done The final draft of the Constitution is finished September 17, 1787 To become law, 9 of the 13 states would have to ratify Two sides developed in the fight, Federalists and Anti-Federalists Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

Federalists Favored the Constitution Supported by merchants and people in the cities Argued that without the new Constitution and a strong federal government, anarchy and political disorder would occur Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

Anti-Federalists Criticized the Constitution Supported by inland farmers Accused the Framers of producing an extralegal document Strongest argument against was the lack of guaranteed rights of the people Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

Progress Federalists promised a Bill of Rights Small states ratified first because of equal representation in the Senate The fight for New York to ratify led a group of Federalists (Hamilton, Madison, and John Jay) to publish essays in newspapers defending the Constitution, later known as The Federalist Papers Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

A New State With Virginia and New York ratifying, a new government was in place New York City was the first capital George Washington was the first president and John Adams was the first VP 22 senators and 59 representatives were elected March 4, 1789 – Congress met for the first time April 30, 1789 – Washington took the oath of office Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution

A Promise Kept James Madison introduced a set of 19 amendments during the first session of Congress Congress approved 12 Amendments The states ratified 10 of them in 1791, which became known as the Bill of Rights The two the states rejected Ensuring that the House of Representatives didn’t represent too many people Congress could not give itself a pay raise (27th 1992) Students will identify the process and debates associated with the ratification of the Constitution