Essential Question: How did problems in the Gilded Age contribute to “progressive” reforms in the early 20th century?

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Essential Question: How did problems in the Gilded Age contribute to “progressive” reforms in the early 20th century?

What problems existed in the Gilded Age? The United States entered the Progressive Era from 1890 to 1920 when a variety of reformers tried to clean up problems created during the Gilded Age What problems existed in the Gilded Age?

City, state, and federal governments were seen as corrupt The United States entered the Progressive Era from 1890 to 1920 when a variety of reformers tried to clean up problems created during the Gilded Age Industrialization led to a rise in urbanization, immigration, poverty, and dangerous working conditions City, state, and federal governments were seen as corrupt Corporate monopolies limited competition and workers’ wages

In the 1880s, many middle-class Protestant Christians embraced the Social Gospel movement The Social Gospel taught that to honor God, people must help others and reform society

An early reformer was Jane Addams who created Hull House in Chicago Progressive reform began in American cities in response to slums, tenements, child labor, alcohol abuse, prostitution, and political corruption An early reformer was Jane Addams who created Hull House in Chicago Hull House was the first settlement house which offered baths, cheap food, child care, job training, health care to help the poor Jane Addams’ efforts inspired reformers in other cities to build settlement houses to assist the poor

The YMCA created gyms and libraries to help young men and children Urban reformers tried to improve the lives of poor workers and children The YMCA created gyms and libraries to help young men and children The Salvation Army created nurseries and soup kitchens Florence Kelley fought to create child labor laws and laws limiting women to a 10 hour day

Many reformers saw alcohol abuse as serious problem Temperance reformers hoped that ending alcohol would reduce corruption, crime, assimilate immigrants Frances Willard Reformers Frances Willard and Carrie Nation led the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) to fight for prohibition laws Carrie Nation

Reformers gained prohibition laws in rural areas and states in the South and West In 1919, the states ratified the 18th Amendment which outlawed alcohol throughout the USA

Investigative journalists known as muckrakers exposed corruption, poverty, health hazards, and monopolies

What did Jacob Riis’ How the Other Half Lives (1890) expose? Jacob Riis’ How the Other Half Lives (1890) exposed urban poverty and life in the slums America: The Story of Us Jacob Riis video http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/playlists/exclusive-video#jacob-riis

What did Ida Tarbell’s The History of Standard Oil (1904) expose? Ida Tarbell’s The History of Standard Oil (1904) revealed Rockefeller’s ruthless business practices and called for the break-up of large monopolies

What did Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906) expose? Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906) revealed the unsanitary conditions of slaughterhouses and led to government regulation of food industries

Quick Class Discussion: Read excerpts from The Jungle Quick Class Discussion: Read excerpts from The Jungle. Why did the book generate outrage from Americans and politicians?