6HUM Politics of Parliamentary Reform: Lecture 7

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6HUM0400 - Politics of Parliamentary Reform: Lecture 7 Mass Platform and the Road to Peterloo

Structure of the lecture Situation post-war Radicalism in text Radicalism in action Peterloo

Object of the week: banner from Middleton, Lancashire, 1819

Sir Francis Burdett (1770-1844) and Francis Place (1771-1854)

William Cobbett (1763-1835); Major John Cartwright (1740-1824); Henry ‘Orator’ Hunt (1773 –1835)

T. J. Wooler, advert for the Black Dwarf (no 7, March 1817) http://www

William Hone, The Political House that Jack Built (1819-20)

William Hone, The Political House that Jack Built (1819-20)

Henry ‘Orator’ Hunt (1773-1835) 9

George Cruikshank, ‘The Smithfield Parliament George Cruikshank, ‘The Smithfield Parliament. i e universal suffrage- the new speaker addressing the members’ (July 1819) [British Museum] 10

George Cruikshank, ‘Liberty suspended George Cruikshank, ‘Liberty suspended! with the bulwark of the constitution!’ (March 1817)

J. Lewis, ‘Reform among Females!’ (August 1819)

Samuel Bamford, Passages in the Life of a Radical (1849), vol II, chapter 25. http://gerald-massey.org.uk/bamford/c_radical_%288%29.htm#XXV. On the cavalry drawing up they were received with a shout of good-will, as I understood it. They shouted again, waving their sabres over their heads; and then, slackening rein, and striking spur into their steeds, they dashed forward and began cutting the people. ...For a moment the crowd held back as in a pause; then was a rush, heavy and resistless as a headlong sea, and a sound like low thunder, with screams, prayers, and imprecations from the crowd moiled and sabre-doomed who could not escape.

George Cruikshank, ‘Massacre at St. Peter’s, or Britons Strike Home

Potency of Peterloo ‘commemorative’ medals Bronze medal Staffordshire plaque/medal

Satirical print by Cruikshank and Hone, 1821

John Fairburn, Boadicea, ‘Queen of Britain, overthrowing her enemies, humbly dedicated to Caroline Queen of Great Britain and Ireland’ (1820)

Sir George Hayter, ‘The Trial of Queen Caroline’ (1820-3) [NPG]