Cold War Crises Analyze how the Kennedy administration responded to the Cold War crises in Cuba and Berlin.

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Presentation transcript:

Cold War Crises Analyze how the Kennedy administration responded to the Cold War crises in Cuba and Berlin

Cuba’s Revolution Fidel Castro seized power in January, 1959 Set up a communist government Cuba – 90 miles south of Florida

Plan to Overthrow Castro Developed by CIA while Eisenhower was president Recruited Cuban exiles forced to flee Exiles land in Cuba and start an uprising; hoped others would join them and rebel

Bay of Pigs April 17, 1961 invasion began 1500 Cuban exiles Mistakes happened Kennedy refused to provide air support Cuban forces crush invasion within days Captured survivors

Effects of Invasion Kennedy no longer completely trusted military and CIA advice Latin America lost trust in Kennedy Khrushchev begins to think Kennedy is not a strong leader and can be bullied

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 – most dangerous Cold War crisis Mid-October US spy plane discovered Soviets building launching sites for nuclear missiles

Missiles could reach US within minutes Kennedy meets with advisors Explore ideas including invading Cuba and bombing missile sites

Oct. 22, 1962 – Kennedy appears on TV revealing the buildup of Soviet missiles in Cuba Ordered Navy blockaded to close off Cuba until Soviets remove missiles Threatened to destroy Soviet ships if they broke through blockade

Soviet ships turn back Soviets agree to remove missiles from Cuba US agrees not to invade Cuba and to remove missiles from Turkey

Kennedy and Khrushchev work to build better relations 1963 hotline set up for instant communication Signed a treaty banning nuclear tests

Space Race April, 1961 – Soviet pilot Yuri Gagarin becomes first person to orbit the Earth May, 1961 – Alan Shepard, Jr. first American to make a space flight

Kennedy sets goal – landing man on moon by the end of the decade Congress funded NASA – expanded Florida launching facility and built control center in Houston

February, 1962 – John Glenn, first American to orbit Earth July 20, 1969 – spacecraft Eagle landed on the moon; Neil Armstrong took first step “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”