Journal #1 Now knowing what you do about the philosophical, historical and cultural roots of the founding fathers and colonists, what similarities do.

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Presentation transcript:

Journal #1 Now knowing what you do about the philosophical, historical and cultural roots of the founding fathers and colonists, what similarities do you see between them and yourself?

Lesson 7: What Basic Ideas about Government and Rights Did the State Constitutions Include?

Lesson 7 Purpose After declaring Independence, the Founders designed new state government to protect individual rights and promote the common good This lesson shows how the Constitution of Massachusetts in particular was designed to achieve these ends. It also shows how State constitutions served as a model and had great influence on the development of the U.S. Bill of Rights.

Lesson 7 Objectives Explain the basic ideas about government and rights that are included in state constitutions. Explain how the experiences of the states in developing their constitutions and bill of rights influenced the framing of the US Constitution and Bill of Rights. Evaluate, take, and defend positions on The theory of legislative supremacy. The importance of the Virginian Declaration of Rights, and the role of declaration of rights in early state constitutions.

The Colonies’ Status Following the Declaration States were not yet a “country,” only united by fight against Great Britain Between 1776 – 1780, each stated adopted a new constitution All based upon natural rights, rule of law, republicanism, and constitutional gov’t

Basic Ideas of State Constitutions Higher Law and Natural Rights Constitutions limit governmental power Purpose of gov’t is to protect natural rights Social Contract Each constitution created through an agreement w/ the people Popular Sovereignty Ultimate governing authority rests with the people Representative Government All legislature composed of representative elected by voters

Basic Ideas of State Constitutions Legislative Supremacy Legislatures (makes laws) most powerful branch Most capable of reflecting will of the people Executive (enforces laws) is less accountable to people Should not be trusted with too much power Judiciary (judges) should not be trusted w/ too much power either Checks & Balances Parts of each legislature checked (limited) power of other Usually done through multiple houses (House of Reps & Senate)

How Did Massachusetts Differ? Strong Executive Governor popularly elected Governor’s salary was fixed (could not be changed by Leg.) Governor could revise laws, appoint Leg. officials and judges Representation of Various Economic Classes (Classical Republicanism) Large Property Owners = Can elect governor (Executive) Mid-level = Can elect upper house members (Legislative) Low-level = Can elect lower house members

The Virginia Declaration of Rights Listed specific rights of the people, including: Freedom of the press Rights of criminal defendants Gov’t cannot deprive natural rights All power is derived & kept by the people Gov’t is instituted for common benefit, protections, and security. If not, it can be abolished. (Class. Repub., Social Contract) Freedom of religion