DNA Reflection After viewing and hearing your classmates presentations, and making you own, what do you specifically understand and what do you not specifically understand regarding: DNA Structure DNA Function DNA Replication DNA Purpose

DNA is made up of nucleotides (sugar, phosphate and nitrogen bases, A-T and C-G) DNA looks like a double helix. DNA stores genetic information that makes us-us and contains the instructions to make specific proteins. DNA has to replicate in order to produce new cells, either somatic or sex cells. DNA is passed on from one generation to the next and is the process of heredity. We come from our parents DNA or genetics.

Review Where are proteins made? Ribosomes on the ER or in the cell Why can’t DNA leave the nucleus? DNA is not mobile How does the instructions leave the nucleus? RNA is a mobile copy of DNA

DNA Nucleotide

RNA Nucleotides

Create and fill in the table with the differences between DNA and RNA.

Protein Synthesis Building of Proteins From DNA to Protein

Transcription Cellular process of copying instructions from gene to mRNA molecule

mRNA Messenger RNA Mobile copy of DNA, contains the codon Carries copy of DNA to the ribosome outside of the nucleus

Translation Cellular process of reading instructions on mRNA (codon) using tRNA (anticodon) to assemble amino acids into proteins - Occurs at the ribosome

tRNA Transfer RNA Transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein assembly Has anticodon which compliments the codon on mRNA

Protein Structure Function Chain of polypeptides Sequence of amino acids Function Enzyme action Growth and repair of body parts Regulation of cell division and differentiation

Find the amino acid sequence. DNA TAC GCG TTC CAT CCT AAG mRNA tRNA AA

How do proteins lead to traits? Enzymes Structural Proteins (building material) Transport Proteins (carry substances) Contractile proteins (muscle flexion) Hormones Protective proteins (immune system) Toxins