Alexandre de la Taille European Urology Supplements

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Therapeutic Approach: The Importance of Controlling Prostatic Inflammation Alexandre de la Taille European Urology Supplements Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 116-122 (November 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2013.08.003 Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 The arachidonic acid cascade. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents inhibit the enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase (COX-2 inhibitors) and prostacyclin synthetase (red bar). Hexanic extract of Serenoa repens inhibits the activity of phospholipase A2 and lipo-oxygenase (blue bar). HETE=hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; HPETE=hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid; PG=prostaglandin; TX=thromboxane. European Urology Supplements 2013 12, 116-122DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2013.08.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Cell proliferation in cell lines from normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues following incubation with hexanic extract of Serenoa repens at different concentrations (MTT assay) [17]. EC50=effective concentration 50%. European Urology Supplements 2013 12, 116-122DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2013.08.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Relative messenger RNA expression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (ERBB3) gene and human growth arrest-specific 1 (GAS1) gene in benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial and stromal cell lines cultured with hexanic extract of Serenoa repens (adapted from [17]). *=p<0.05; **=p<0.01. T0=nontreated; T1=treated for 1h; T3=treated for 3h; T6=treated for 6h. European Urology Supplements 2013 12, 116-122DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2013.08.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Concentrations of (a) interleukin-1 and (b) tumor necrosis factor-α in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues obtained during surgery from controls (n=17) and patients pretreated with hexanic extract of Serenoa repens 160mg twice daily for 3 mo (n=12). Reproduced with permission from Elsevier [18]. IL-1=interleukin-1; TNF-α=tumor necrosis factor-α. European Urology Supplements 2013 12, 116-122DOI: (10.1016/j.eursup.2013.08.003) Copyright © 2013 Terms and Conditions