Double crisscross sternal wiring and chest wound infections: A prospective randomized study Tomaso Bottio, MD, Giulio Rizzoli, MD, Vladimiro Vida, MD,

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Double crisscross sternal wiring and chest wound infections: A prospective randomized study Tomaso Bottio, MD, Giulio Rizzoli, MD, Vladimiro Vida, MD, Dino Casarotto, MD, Gino Gerosa, MD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 126, Issue 5, Pages 1352-1356 (November 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5223(03)00945-0

Figure 1 The sternum is caged by wire sutures in a crisscross fashion that exert force from top to bottom on one side and in the opposite direction on the other sternal side. A, The first wire penetrates through the fifth intercostal space running to the contralateral third and then from the opposite third to the contralateral fifth. B, The second wire penetrates through the fourth intercostal space running to the contralateral second and then from the opposite second to the contralateral fourth. C, The last 2 wires fix the sternum in a standard fashion. D, The sternum as it appears at the end of the procedure. A Z twist is accomplished within double crisscross wires to complete equilibration and distribution of forces. E, In the presence of frail sternal bone or sternal dehiscence, a 1-way bilateral parasternal wire suture prepared according to the Sutherland technique is added to reinforce the closure, avoiding the direct devastating action on the bone by sternal wires. Solid lines depict suprasternal wire tracts, and dotted lines depict deep sternal wire tracts. The red wire is the running wire, and the blue wire is already set. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2003 126, 1352-1356DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(03)00945-0)