Electromagnetic Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Electromagnetic Energy

Energy Energy: The ability to do work Earth has two sources of heat energy: External source: The energy provided by the sun Internal source: The decay of radioactive substances and compression inside the Earth

Electromagnetic Energy Electromagnetic Energy: a type of energy that is given off in the form of transverse waves from all matter not at absolute zero

How Animals See the World Flowers and Bees How Snakes See in Infared

ESRT page 14

Some Definitions Wavelength: The distance from one crest to the next crest or the distance between any two corresponding points on two consecutive waves

Electromagnetic waves and us Visible light is the only part of the spectrum that can be seen by humans Infrared energy is often felt due to its heating effects Ultraviolet waves causes the skin to tan or burn

Interactions Between Electromagnetic Energy and an Environment Energy waves can interact with a material by: a. Refraction: bending in the wave causing a change in direction, caused by varying density

b. reflection: bouncing off of the material

c. Transmission through the material d c. Transmission through the material d. Absorption or taken into the material

Energy absorption Dark-colored, rough surfaces absorb more sunlight (heats faster) than light-colored shiny surfaces Dark objects are better at radiating heat energy (cool faster) than lighter objects If 2 nearly identical cups of hot water were left outside at night, the darker one would cool faster

Texture The rougher the surface is, the more energy it will absorb and the less it will reflect Example: mirrors are smooth so they are shiny, therefore reflecting most of the incoming visible light

Land and water Land warms up and cools down faster than water Good absorbers of energy are good radiators of energy (land)- that means the faster something heats up, the faster it cools down

Why is it cold at the poles? Snow and ice reflect much of the insolation back into space The sun is always low in the sky so sunlight is less concentrated The sunlight has to travel through more of the atmosphere

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