Elements of 3D Seismology: Introduction to Interpretation

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Presentation transcript:

Elements of 3D Seismology: Introduction to Interpretation 12/2/2018 Elements of 3D Seismology: Introduction to Interpretation Christopher L. Liner University of Tulsa November 2003

Synthetic Seismogram Assume: Zero offset, zero dip, and v(z)

Synthetic Seismogram Travel times Layer thickness and velocity Reflection coefficients Velocity and density

Synthetic Seismogram R0 is important Reflection coefficient Normal incidence (zero offset) Values [-1,+1] Commonly [-.3,.3] I = acoustic impedance Rock property influences Mineralogy Porosity Pore fluid Seismic peak amplitude ~ R0

Synthetic Seismogram Wavelet

Synthetic Seismogram Wavelet

Synthetic Seismogram Is peak amplitude ~ R0 …. ? Modeling can supply the answer.

Field data stack (F) Resistivity log Stack of Z.O. synthetic Lindsay and Koughnet, 2001, TLE Field data stack Stack of Z.O. synthetic Detail of B Gamma log AVO synthetic (F) Resistivity log (G) Bulk density log (H) P-wave sonic (I) S-wave sonic (J) Vp/Vs ratio

Tuning

Tuning

Vertical Resolution

Vertical Resolution

Tuning and Resolution Tuning and resolution thickness are equal Wavelength/4 = v/(4 f) v is interval velocity of the thin bed f is dominant, or average, frequency About 20-40 Hz Subresolution thickness mapping Difficult because top/base events commingle Tools Tuning curves, spectral decomposition,+