17-1 The Origins of Progressivism

Social Welfare Reform Movement Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 1. Social Welfare Reform Movement YMCA Salvation Army Settlement Houses (example, Hull House) Florence Kelley, an Illinois Factory Inspector, helps get the Illinois Factory Act passed. This law limited working hours for women and children in Illinois

(Temperance Movement which supported a ban on alcohol/” Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 2. Moral Reform Movement (Temperance Movement which supported a ban on alcohol/” Demon Rum”) WCTU = (Womens Christian Temperance Union) led by Francis Willard Anti-Saloon League which endorsed politicians who supported the temperance movement Many towns and state governments adopt prohibition policies Lead to the passing of the 18th Amendment ( Volstead Act)

Economic Reform Movement Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 3. Economic Reform Movement Henry George Edward Bellamy Eugene V. Debs and the Socialist Party Muckraking journalists Ida Tarbell exposes corruption of big business in the press. She exposes corrupt practices within the Standard Oil Company Other “Muckrakers, investigative journalists, expose problems in newspapers, books, etc.

Movement for Industrial Efficiency Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 4. Movement for Industrial Efficiency Frederick Winslow Taylor Henry Ford and the Ford Corporation (Taylorism)Taylor performed time/motion studies to increase work place efficiency Ford used the assembly line and a $5 dollar a day policy to avoid worker strikes

Movement to Protect Workers Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 5. Movement to Protect Workers National Child Labor Committee Louis Brandeis Florence Kelley Josephine Goldmark Keating-Owens Act = Goods can’t cross state lines if they were made from child labor Muller v. Oregon = 10 hour workday for women and children Bunting v. Oregon = 10 hour workday for men Workers compensation laws = aid for family if a worker is hurt or injured on the job

Movement to reform local government Political Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 6. Movement to reform local government (spurred by national disasters like the Galveston, Texas hurricane and tidal wave and the flood in Dayton, Ohio) Detroit Mayor, Hazen Pingree Cleveland Mayor, Tom Johnson Citizens play a more active role in government Commission and city council forms of government are adopted City departments and managers are established (ex. Road Department, Sanitation Department etc.) Property taxes are collected Public ownership of utilities

State reform of big business Political Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 7. State reform of big business Wisconsin Senator, Robert M. La Follette Charles Aycock, Albert Cummins and Joseph Folk La Follette went after railroad corruption leading to Wisconsin passing laws that regulated the railroad These men attacked corruption in big business

Movement for Election Reform Political Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes 8. Movement for Election Reform William S. U’Ren, (Oregon) States like Oregon adopt secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall and direct primary Seventeenth Amendment is passed

Important Terms Initiative: a way for people to propose laws directly bypassing the legislators Recall: a vote on whether to remove a public official from office Referendum: a way for people to approve changes in laws by a vote 17th Amendment: Amendment providing for senators to be elected directly by the people Scientific Management: Using scientific ideas to make work more efficient Progressive Movement: Social reform movement in the early 20th century Prohibition: banning of the sale or drinking of alcoholic beverages