LEARNING ENGLISH WHERE THERE IS A WILL THERE IS A WAY By : Muhamad Putra Nugraha

Conditional Sentences If-Clauses Type I, II und III Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

Conditional Sentence Type 1 → It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled. Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

Conditional Sentence Type 2 → It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled. Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive) Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. Were instead of Was In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –. Example: If I were you, I would not do this.

Conditional Sentence Type 3 → It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past. Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle) Example: If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

Let / Make / Have / Get / Help causative Let / Make / Have / Get / Help

LET FORM someone = [let + person + verb] something = [let + something + v1 without ‘to’] USE This construction means "to allow someone to do something." Examples: 1. John let me drive his new car. 2. Will your parents let you go to the party? 3. I don't know if my boss will let me take the day off.

MAKE FORM someone = [make + person + verb] something = [make + something + v1 without ‘to’] USE This construction means "to force someone to do something." Examples: 1. My teacher made me apologize for what I had said. 2. Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat? 3. She made her children do their homework.

HAVE FORM [have + person + verb] USE This construction means "to give someone the responsibility to do something." Examples: 1. Dr. Smith had his nurse take the patient's temperature. 2. Please have your secretary fax me the information. 3. I had the mechanic check the brakes.

GET FORM [get + person + to + verb] USE This construction usually means "to convince to do something" or "to trick someone into doing something." Examples: 1. Susie got her son to take the medicine even though it tasted terrible. 2. How can parents get their children to read more? 3. The government TV commercials are trying to get people to stop smoking.

GET vs HAVE Sometimes "get someone to do something" is interchangeable with "have someone do something," but these expressions do not mean exactly the same thing. Examples: I got the mechanic to check my brakes. At first the mechanic didn't think it was necessary, but I convinced him to check the brakes. I had the mechanic check my brakes. I asked the mechanic to check the brakes.

GET = HAVE Causative Menggunakan Get atau Have dengan Obyek Benda Apabila have/get diikuti obyek pasif(benda), maka bentuk kalimat : S + have /Get + benda + Verb3 Contoh : I get my motorcycle repaired.

HELP FORM someone = [help + someone + verb] Examples: 1. Anugrah help Putra take a book. 2. Putra help Anugrah check the boom. 3. Anugrah and Putra help Ichsan sing a song

TENSES

CONTOH BEBERAPA TENSES : 1. Simple Present : V1 2. Simple Past : V2 3. Present Continuous : am/is/are + Ving 4. Past Continuous : was/were + Ving 5. Present Perfect : Have/Has + V3 6. Past Perfect : Had + V3 7. Present Perfect Continuous : Have/Has + been + Ving 8. Past Perfect Continuous : Had + been + Ving 9. Simple Future : Will + V1 10. Future Perfect : Will + Have + V3 11. Future Perfect Continuous : Will + Have + been + Ving