DO NOW: Please take out your Mapping Latin America homework. Learning Target: I can explain how the maquiladora system keeps workers in poverty.

Why are we learning this? Why do we practice answering questions using Question Answer-Relationship? The from the book questions (right there and think and search) help us to understand what we are reading The from my head questions (on my own and author and you) help us to exercise our brains and develop our critical-thinking skills.

Example (Raphael & Au, 2005 p. 211) A crowd of visitors at Brookfield Zoo looked on in horror Friday afternoon as they watched a toddler tumble more than 15 feet into a pit, landing near seven gorillas. But as zoo patrons cried out for help, expecting the worst for the 3-year-old boy lying battered on the concrete below, an unlikely hero emerged (Bils & Singer, p.1). Two questions: What caused the visitors to look on in horror? What do you think makes a hero an unlikely one?

(e.g. Raphael, 1986; Raphael & Au, 2005; Kinniburgh & Show, 2009) In The Book Right There Think and Search The answer is in the text. The answer is in several places in the text. (e.g. Raphael, 1986; Raphael & Au, 2005; Kinniburgh & Show, 2009)

Example (Raphael & Au, 2005 p. 212) Cesar Chavez moved from Arizona to California with his family when he was ten years old. He and his family worked as migrant farm laborers. Chavez attended more than thirty-eight schools during his childhood. After eighth grade, he worked full-time to help his family until he left home to fight in WWII. When he returned home after the war, Chavez learned all he could about labor law and worked at organizing protest marches for the rights of farm laborers. In 1962 he organized the National Farm Workers Association, he called La Causa, in Fresno, CA. La Causa wanted farmers to stop using dangerous chemicals in their fields. “Our belief is to help everybody, not just one race.” Chavez said. Most farm owners refused to negotiate with La Causa. Some reacted with violence, and local police usually supported the owners. Chavez urged protesting workers to leave their guns and knives at home. “If we used violence, we would have won contracts long ago.” he said, “but they wouldn’t be lasting because we wouldn’t have won respect.” La Causa called for Americans to boycott, or refuse to buy, lettuce and grapes to show their sympathies for the workers. The boycotts were so successful that owners agreed to contracts with the workers. By the time Chavez died in 1993 he had helped create better lives for thousands of people. Senator Robert F. Kennedy called Chavez “one of the heroic figures of our time.”

Two Questions Question #1: How many schools did Chavez attend as a child? Question # 2: How did Chavez create better lives for thousands of people? (Raphael & Au, 2005)

Example (Raphael & Au, 2005 p. 212) Cesar Chavez moved from Arizona to California with his family when he was ten years old. He and his family worked as migrant farm laborers. Chavez attended more than thirty-eight schools during his childhood. After eighth grade, he worked full-time to help his family until he left home to fight in WWII. When he returned home after the war, Chavez learned all he could about labor law and worked at organizing protest marches for the rights of farm laborers. In 1962 he organized the National Farm Workers Association, he called La Causa, in Fresno, CA. La Causa wanted farmers to stop using dangerous chemicals in their fields. “Our belief is to help everybody, not just one race.” Chavez said. Most farm owners refused to negotiate with La Causa. Some reacted with violence, and local police usually supported the owners. Chavez urged protesting workers to leave their guns and knives at home. “If we used violence, we would have won contracts long ago.” he said, “but they wouldn’t be lasting because we wouldn’t have won respect.” La Causa called for Americans to boycott, or refuse to buy, lettuce and grapes to show their sympathies for the workers. The boycotts were so successful that owners agreed to contracts with the workers. By the time Chavez died in 1993 he had helped create better lives for thousands of people. Senator Robert F. Kennedy called Chavez “one of the heroic figures of our time.”

Example (Raphael & Au, 2005 p. 212) Cesar Chavez moved from Arizona to California with his family when he was ten years old. He and his family worked as migrant farm laborers. Chavez attended more than thirty-eight schools during his childhood. After eighth grade, he worked full-time to help his family until he left home to fight in WWII. When he returned home after the war, Chavez learned all he could about labor law and worked at organizing protest marches for the rights of farm laborers. In 1962 he organized the National Farm Workers Association, he called La Causa, in Fresno, CA. La Causa wanted farmers to stop using dangerous chemicals in their fields. “Our belief is to help everybody, not just one race.” Chavez said. Most farm owners refused to negotiate with La Causa. Some reacted with violence, and local police usually supported the owners. Chavez urged protesting workers to leave their guns and knives at home. “If we used violence, we would have won contracts long ago.” he said, “but they wouldn’t be lasting because we wouldn’t have won respect.” La Causa called for Americans to boycott, or refuse to buy, lettuce and grapes to show their sympathies for the workers. The boycotts were so successful that owners agreed to contracts with the workers. By the time Chavez died in 1993 he had helped create better lives for thousands of people. Senator Robert F. Kennedy called Chavez “one of the heroic figures of our time.”

Two Questions Question #1: How many schools did Chavez attend as a child? The answer is in the text, Right There Question Question # 2: How did Chavez create better lives for thousands of people? The answer is in several places in the text, Think and Search Question (Raphael & Au, 2005)

(e.g. Raphael, 1986; Kinniburgh & Show, 2009) In My Head Author and Me On My Own The answer is not in the text I need to combine my background knowledge (or the information I already know about the topic) AND what the text tells me in order to answer the question. The answer is not in the text. I need to make connections between what I already know and what I have learned. (e.g. Raphael, 1986; Kinniburgh & Show, 2009)

Examples Question #3: List characteristics you most admire about Cesar Chavez and describe why you think these are admirable. Author and Me Question Students need to have read and understood the text. Unless they have prior knowledge about Cesar Chavez, they would not be able to list characteristics. Question #4: Whom do you admire in your family, and why do you admire them? On My Own Question Students do not need to read the text in order to answer the question. (Raphael & Au, 2005)

(e.g. Raphael, 1986; Raphael & Au, 2005;Kinniburgh & Show, 2009) Quick Review of QAR In the book QARs In my head QARs Right There Think and Search Author and Me On My Own (e.g. Raphael, 1986; Raphael & Au, 2005;Kinniburgh & Show, 2009)

EXIT SLIP How does the maquiladora system keep workers in poverty?