The Labor Movement The late 1800s

The Robber Barons or… Captains of Industry? Wealthy bank or business owners who often used questionable business tactics to control whole industries. Rockefeller, Carnegie, J.P. Morgan

What were corporate owners called that paid very little to their labor and made millions of dollars? A) Robber Barons B) Social Democrats C) Red Barons D) Darwinian Theorists

Factory production replaces skilled labor Women and child labor #1 Problems for workers Low wages Factory production replaces skilled labor Women and child labor Poor working conditions

What were some of the problems for labor before and after the civil war? Poor working conditions Low wages Child labor All of the above

                                             

                               

                                             

Solutions? #2 Farmers and Workers unite to try to maintain control over wages and working conditions Unions- organized labor Knights of St. Crispin Knights of Labor American Federation of Labor

A organized group of people from the same industry or different industries is known as a: A) union B) injunction C) militia D) merger

STRIKE!!! 1877- National railroad strike #3,4,5 STRIKE!!! 1877- National railroad strike Workers stop working and protest in order to change conditions Corporation calls in state militias to stop the protests, sometimes ending in violence. Result- deal between railroad (Jay Gould) and labor. More people think they need stronger unions.

American Federation of Labor #6 American Federation of Labor Replace Knights of Labor as leading union Organized skilled workers Strike to improve wages and hours Boycott to peacefully protest Founded by Sam Gompers (Right)                                          

Women in the Labor Movement #7 Knights of Labor allows women and proposes equal pay for men and women Support strikers with food and supplies for long strikes Mary Harris Jones- organized the United Mine Workers. Traveled on behalf of labor for 50 years. Once known as the “Most dangerous women in America.”

Resistance to the Labor Movement

Haymarket Riot 1886-McCormick Harvester Factory #8 1886-McCormick Harvester Factory Strike for 8- hour workday Police kill 4 in scuffle Haymarket Riot- 1000 workers rally, bomb kills 7 police. Police fire on crowd killing 10 and wounding 67 8 strike leaders tried for bomb. 4 hanged                                                                                                            

The event previously mentioned where 1000 people gathered and were fired upon became known as the: A) haymarket riot B) Homestead Strike C) Bessemer process D) Pullman Strike

Homestead Strike 1892- Homestead Pa. #9 Homestead Strike 1892- Homestead Pa. Steelworkers strike at Carnegie Steel Company hired “Pinkertons” to beat up strikers Several killed Strike failed, many left the union as a result                                  

What was the name of the group sent out by Carnegie steel to beat up strikers? Union Injunction function Pink Ladies Pinkertons

The Pullman Strike #11-13 Workers lived in Company towns. Jobs, wages cut. Stores & rent stayed same Pullman sleeper cars (Railroads) 1894- strike American Railway Union Eugene V. Debs leader Pres. Cleveland calls Army Violence once again, Rail traffic comes to a halt Railroad unions refused Pullman cars in sympathy                                              

The Pullman strike is associated with which of the following? A) people were fired and wages were cut B) company store prices and rents went up or stayed the same C) other railroad workers showed sympathy to Pullman strikers D) All of the above

Problems in the Labor Movement 14,15 Government support of Corporate owners with troops and injunctions (order to end strike) to break strikes. Exclusion of minorities, unskilled workers, and women. American-born workers fear immigrants from Europe. Chinese killed and intimidated. Exclusion Act of 1882 reflected the nations fears.

Which side did the government usually support in a strike? Strikers Corporation owners Left side East side

Positive aspects of the Labor Movement 16 Identified the need to get rid of child labor. Called attention to poor wages and working conditions. Pushed for the 8-hour workday Called out and stood up to large corporations for unfair labor practices. Showed possible benefits of united workers.

Text in what you believe the best aspect of the labor movement was……