Faults Fault Line.

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Presentation transcript:

Faults Fault Line

Definition: Faults are: The surface along which rocks move when they pass their “elastic limit” and break causing an Earthquake. Fault Video

Strike Slip Simulation Strike-Slip Fault Strike Slip Simulation Shear forces push on rock in opposite horizontal directions. Def: Rocks on either side of the fault are moving past each other without much up or down motion.

Normal Fault Normal Fault Simulation Tension forces inside earth cause rock to be pulled apart. Def: Rock above the fault moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface.

Reverse Fault Reverse Simulation Compression forces inside the Earth squeeze rock together. Def: Rock above the fault moves up in relation to the rock below the fault.

Liquefaction in the News When an earthquake shakes wet soil causing the earth to behave more like a liquid than a solid.

Richter (Rick-tur) Scale “Category” is to hurricane as “magnitude” is to earthquake. Measures the energy released by an earthquake. Ranges from 1 to 9.6. Magnitude Earthquake Effects 1-3 Not felt; recorded on local seismographs 3-4 Felt by people; no damage. 5 Felt by most people; slight damage near epicenter. 6 Damage caused to poorly constructed buildings. 7 Causes major damage to structures up to 100 km from the epicenter. 8 Very destructive; may cause loss of life over a distance of several 100 km. 9 Very rare; major damage to areas as much as 1000 km away.

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Let’s play… Name that Fault!

Normal

Reverse

Reverse

Strike-slip

Normal

Strike-Slip