Trends in Pediatric Dental Care Use Natalia I. Chalmers, DDS, PhD, Joseph S. Wislar, MS, Matt Hall, PhD, Cary Thurm, PhD, Man Wai Ng, DDS, MPH  Dental Clinics  Volume 62, Issue 2, Pages 295-317.e12 (April 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008 Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Rates of access and ratios of services for several types of EPSDT dental care in the United States, 2010 to 2015. (Data from Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. EPSDT data. Available at: https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/epsdt/index.html. Accessed March 29, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 EPSDT dental care services use rates for Medicaid-eligible children in the United States, 2014. (Data from Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. EPSDT data. Available at: https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/epsdt/index.html. Accessed March 29, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Linear prediction of effect of Medicaid reimbursement rate on diagnostic services rate, by dentist density (Dent.) and dentists participating in Medicaid. (Data from Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. EPSDT data. Available at: https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/epsdt/index.html. Accessed March 29, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Distribution of payers and inflation adjusted charges for child DOHRC ED discharges 2011 to 2014. (Data from HCUP Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2011–2014. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nedsoverview.jsp. Accessed April 5, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Gender and age distribution of child DOHRC ED discharges 2011 to 2014. (Data from HCUP Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2011–2014. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nedsoverview.jsp. Accessed April 5, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Proportion of child ED discharges living in poorest zip codes in the United States 2011 to 2013. (Data from HCUP Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2011–2014. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nedsoverview.jsp. Accessed April 5, 2017.) Dental Clinics 2018 62, 295-317.e12DOI: (10.1016/j.cden.2017.11.008) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions