DO NOW: Page 858 “You Decide” questions 1-3 DO NOW: Why would the communist takeover of China worry the United States? Worlds most populace state today with 1.3 billion people

Ch 25 Section 2 The Korean War THE COLD WAR HEATS UP

Communist Victory in China Mid 1920s civil war in China erupts Revolution of 1911 left China with unstable republic Inspired by Bolshevik Revolution Chinese students create Chinese Communist Party Led by Mao Zedong Chiang Kai-shek leader of Nationalist Party battled the Chinese Communists WW2 breaks out Communists and Nationalists fight against Japanese together WW2 ends Civil War starts up again

Communist Victory in China (cont) United States backs Chiang Kai-shek Opposition to Chiang mounted and Mao’s forces gained control of most of the country by 1949 Chinese Communists create the People’s Republic of China US ignores and continues to recognize the Nationalists as Chinas government

After WW2 Korea split between USA and USSR Divided Korea After WW2 Korea split between USA and USSR Syngman Rhee North Korea was led by communist leader Kim Il Sung South Korea was led by Syngman Rhee and called itself the Republic of Korea Kim Il Sung

TIMELINE Soviets occupied the NORTH, America the SOUTH 1945 – Korea controlled by Japan Soviets occupied the NORTH, America the SOUTH The two halves were divided by the 38th Parallel 1947 – elections held in the South supported by the US; The North had its own govt. backed by the Soviets Each government claimed to be the rightful rulers of Korea Each side was supported by the respective superpower even though they withdrew troops in 1948.

Korean War (1950-1953): (June, 1950) Communist North Korea invades across the 38th parallel, attacking democratic South Korea, with hopes of uniting Korea under one communist government

U.N. troops (made up of 90% Americans) Led by Douglas MacArthur (considered dropping 50 A-bombs on Korea and China) defend South Korea against North Korean and Chinese forces

TIMELINE 1949 – China became Communist – supported N Korea 1950 – N Korea invaded S Korea Sept 1950 – UN troops into S Korea at INCHON N Koreans pushed back into N Korea Oct 1950 Chinese invaded N Korea UN troops pushed back to S Korea 1950-51 – STALEMATE around 38th Parallel April 1951 – MacArthur removed from position – replaced by General Omar Bradley

Election of 1952 Republican candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower Democrat candidate Adlai Stevenson Eisenhower promised to end the Korean war yet still resist the spread of Communism Eisenhower won the electoral college 442-89

TIMELINE Fighting continued until 1952 Election of 1952 – Truman replaced by Eisenhower 1953 – Stalin died July 1953 - Armistice signed

WHO WON???? The fact that there still is a South Korea today is evidence that the communists lost and containment had worked Korea badly damaged

By 1950 had Containment worked??? Most Americans agreed with containing communism Some wanted a more aggressive policy like MacArthur More alliances were set up that were anti-Communist

Results of Korean War: Stalemate at 38th parallel 32,000 Americans die Billions of Dollars spent

American troops have stayed in Korea since the war