Genetics Objective: To learn how to predict the probable outcome of phenotypes using punnett square

Genetics Studies how _______ ____________ traits are inherited

Trait Trait- determine _________ your genetic make up **vary b/w _________ E.x. your genetic make up individuals 5

Identify a few traits

Hybrid Is a mixture b/w 2 ____________ species different

Hybrid Analysis Can animals of different species produce offspring? If so, what condition(s) must exist? Can the offspring of hybrid animals reproduce? Why or why not? What type of impact (positive or negative) do hybrids pose?

What Mendel found Genes- factors that ___________ Determine traits Alleles- different forms of _______ Determine traits genes

Genotype vs. Phenotype Genotype: Organism’s _______ _____ The actual _______ Phenotype: The organisms __________ Genetic code letters Physical appearance

Dominant Only need _______ allele to be expressed Written with ________ E.x. ________ one Capital letters DD

Recessive Overpowered by _________ traits dominant Need ______ alleles to be expressed Written as ___________ E.x. __________ dominant two Lower case letters dd

Dominant or Recessive?

Which eye color is recessive?

Heterozygous When the two alleles are _________ E.x. ______ Different Dd

Homozygous Both alleles are ________ The same ______________ = homozygous dominant E.x.________ or _______________ = homozygous recessive E.x. _________ The same Two upper case DD Two Lower case dd

What happened to the white flower?

Summary Questions Which of the following would be considered an organisms genotype? Curly hair Cc Give an example of a recessive trait.

Analysis Questions Do dominant or recessive traits appear more often in a population? What leads you to think this? Is the data we collected in class representative of the general population? Why or why not?

Cognitive Content Dictionary Word Definition Picture Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous Homozygous Dominant Recessive

How to complete Punnett Square Determine which alleles are dominant or recessive Make a key In cats black coat is dominant over brown coat. Cross a heterozygous black cat with a brown cat. What is the probability that their offspring will have black coats? BB= Black Bb= Black bb= brown

3. Determine which alleles to use 4. Set up and work punnett square 5. Read results Cross a heterozygous black cat with a brown cat. What is the probability that their offspring will have black coats?

Eye Color Brown eyes are (B) dominant over blue eyes (b) Gina and Mark are heterozygous for brown eyes (Bb). What is the probability they will have children with brown eyes?

Pod Color Green pods (G) are dominant over white pods (g) Cross two white pods What is the probability they will produce green offspring?

Freckles Not having freckles (F) is dominant over freckles (f) Marie is heterozygous for not having freckles and Luis has freckles. What is the probability they will have children with freckles? What is the probability they will have children without freckles?

Coat Color Black (B) is dominant over white (b) A homozygous dominant black cat is crossed with a white cat. What is the probability they will have white offspring?

Genetics and Blood Typing What are the four blood types? A B AB O What determines your blood type? Genetics (parents)

Genetics and Blood Typing Blood Type (Phenotype) Alleles (Genotype) A AA AO B BB BO AB O OO

Example #1 Matt has type AB blood. Lucy is heterozygous for type B blood. What is the probability they will have children with type B blood?

Example #2 Mila is heterozygous for B blood. Ashton is homozygous for type A blood. What is the probability they will have children with type A blood?

Example #3 Marge is heterozygous for type B blood. Homer has type A blood. Bart has type O blood. Is this possible? Why or why not?

Incomplete Dominance allele Neither _______ is _________ over the other Results in a ________________ dominant mixed phenotypes

Codominance Both alleles are _____________ equally dominant Results in ________ traits being _________ at once equally dominant both expressed

Incomplete or Codominance?

Incomplete or Codominance?

Incomplete or Codominance?

What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?