Cardiac Cycle Dr. Khurram Irshad

Case history Profile: Jamaluddin is a 57-year-old male who presents to the ER. Presenting Complaint: Shortness of breath and swollen feet for 4 to 6 weeks.    History of Present Illness: Mr. Jamaluddin has been experiencing progressive shortness of breath with exertion for about the past four to six weeks. At first he tried to ignore the dyspnea, but it has not gone away. He reports that his dyspnea is most pronounced when climbing stairs or walking up hill. The past few days he has also noticed a very rapid and irregular heart rate, as well as some chest pain. Now he describes being short of breath even at rest. He states that his rapid heart rate is making him “very uncomfortable”. He had no history of high blood pressure, heart disease, or “palpitations” prior to the onset of these symptoms several weeks ago.

Past Medical History: hypercholesterolemia; low back pain and cervical dorsal strain/sprain Personal History: Diet: eats a fairly balanced diet Exercise: follows no particular exercise plan Sleep patterns: sleeps no more than 5 hours per night Nicotine use: smokes 20 cigarettes/day  Family Medical History: His mother passed away from a stroke at age 70, and his father died of an abdominal aortic aneurysm at age 75. He denies any other significant family history.

Social History and Lifestyle: He works 70-80 hours per week as a police officer. He eats two meals a day, he tends to catch a snack where he can. Review of Systems   Psychiatric History The patient claims to have high levels of stress due to shift work, extended work hours, lack of adequate sleep, and back pain.

Physical Examination JVP raised Pitting edema +++ Apex beat shifted Tendor hepatomegaly

Cardiac cycle Cardiac Cycle Cyclical sequence of events beginning from one cardiac contraction to next Phases of cardiac Cycle Systole Diastole

What will be the duration of one Cardiac Cycle if Heart rate is 70 beats per minute?

Ventricular Systole

Ventricular diastole

Cardiac Cycle

Compliance of blood vessels

Aortic Pressure Curve