Chapter 19 Section 1

What was the domino theory? Focus Question What was the domino theory?

Independence Brings Partition During the Cold War the World Demanded Independence After WWII Britain decided they could not afford India gains independence 1947 India was in the middle of civil war Hindus vs. Muslims Britain Partitioned the two Muslims created Pakistan from a piece of India Hindus remained in India 10 million people fled to their desired lands Thousands were killed on their journey People resented Britain for interfering in their lives

India and Pakistan India and Pakistan fight a war over Kashmir Region full of resources Ruler wanted to join India/ People wanted to join Pakistan Has fought 3 wars over the region Nuclear Arms Race India developed nuclear weapons in the 1970’s Emerged as the superpower of Asia Forms alliances with Iraq and Iran

Building a Nation in India Gain their independence in 1947 Nahru led India India was poor nation Children were forced to work long hours Women in India Women were treated as second class citizens 1964 Nahru died and his daughter took power Did not stop the harsh treatment toward women Sikhs Rebel Wanted their own homelands Created Punjab in 1984 India has had a lot of religious conflict

Pakistan and Bangladesh After WWII 95 new nations were created Pakistan Pakistan fought a civil war Breaks apart Bangladesh Formed in 1971 Other Formation Al Qaeda Taliban

Section 2

What nations broke away from India into new nations after 1947? Focus Question What nations broke away from India into new nations after 1947?

New nations Contrasts Malaysia, Borneo, Brunei, Burma, and Myanmar become new nations Myanmar gains independence in 1989 Violent region Thousands died in a revolt for democracy ½ wanted to become democratic ½ wanted to remain communist. Fought a civil war for government

Indonesia Indonesia gained independence in 1949 Democracy Fails Britain could not longer afford them Muslim Nation Democracy Fails Indonesia started as a democratic nation People were too poor to be a democratic nation 1965 communism takes over the region Gains independence in 2002 Poor nation Ethnic conflict

Philippines Seek democracy Catholic nation 1946 gained freedom from the U.S. U.S. no longer could afford them after WWII Didn’t want to keep military there Started as a democracy and turned into a communist nation Wanted to remain democratic like the U.S. had had them for 50 years Turned communist Too poor to be democratic Civil war breaks out

Section 3

Explain what Apartheid is and where it occurred? Focus Question Explain what Apartheid is and where it occurred?

African colonies gain independence After WWII Europe could no longer afford Africa African was fighting for independence Was too costly Could not afford the troops to suppress Africa Africa is rich in Diamonds Oil Copper Gold Minerals Colonies were tired of Europe and other nations exploiting them

New nations 20 new nations are created in Africa after WWII Many new nations created one party systems Dictators and Tyrants Military coups Foreigners Fight for Influence U.S. supported Somalia USSR supported Ethiopia Britain, France, Belgium and other European nations supported countries as well Didn’t care about the people were only interested in the resources

Change in Africa After WWII many countries created border patrol Over 5 million nomadic people living in Africa Could no longer migrate through the countries Caused tension and civil wars People had to change their lifestyles People now put up fences and established permanent residences Africa becomes a 3rd world nation

Africa today Over 1 billion people in Africa Africa is a country ridden with conflict Religious Ethnic Cultural Africa is a hostile place Religious wars Coups Civil wars 30,000 children die a day 70,000 people die a day in Africa Life expectancy of 49

Section 4

What was the importance of the Philippines gaining their independence? Focus Question What was the importance of the Philippines gaining their independence?

Middle East Stretches from Egypt to Iran and Turkey to the Arabian Peninsula Most people are Muslim Believe in Islam Large Ethnic and religious minorities Mass persecution Middle east is a region that has a lot of religious and ethnic conflict Civil wars

Israel is Created The Jews considered Palestine their homeland So did the Arabs The holocaust made the world demand a Jewish homeland and thousands of Jew moved to Palestine Civil war breaks out between the Jews and Arabs 1948 The United Nations divides Palestine Israel is created War broke out between the Arabs and the Jews 700,000 Palestinians fled Israel Conflict still exists today

Conflict Over Resources Middle East sits on the largest oil reserve in the world Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait OPEC (oil petroleum exporting countries) The amount of Oil the middle east has makes other nations dependent on them Sets prices Oil Embargos Since the 1950’s the United States, Britain, and much of Europe has been dependent on OPEC nations for oil and gas

Islam Islam in the main religion Middle east is the Islamic homeland Women Traditionally wear a hijab For the most part do not attend school Are taught how to be a wife and mother Most girls are married by the time they are 17 Egypt is liberal Allows men and women more freedom Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia Conservative Women can not drive a car, be alone in public, walk beside her husband, etc.

Assignment/Questions Compete the Chart on the Board Questions 1. What is the UAE? 2. Why did people around the world support a homeland for the Jews; what political problems did this lead to? 3. Why are Islamists opposed to secular governments in their nations? 4. How has the middle east changed over the past 60 years?

Quiz Explain how oil has impacted the middle east give at least 3 examples/evidence? How has the middle east changed over the past 60 years; give at least 3 examples of evidence? What is the main religion of the Middle East? How/Why is Israel different from the middle east; give 3 examples? How were the Kurds treated in this region give an example/evidence? Why do we lump Egypt into the middle east; give 2 examples/evidence? How are women treated in this region; give 2 examples/evidence?

Why was the country of Israel created? Focus Question Why was the country of Israel created?