Vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis activity in open and closed kinetic chain exercises in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: An electromyographic study Simon F.T. Tang, MD, Chih-Kuang Chen, MD, Robert Hsu, MD, Shih-Wei Chou, MD, PhD, Wei-Hsien Hong, MS, Henry L. Lew, MD, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 82, Issue 10, Pages 1441-1445 (October 2001) DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2001.26252 Copyright © 2001 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
Fig. 1 Closed kinetic chain exercise by squatting and standing. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001 82, 1441-1445DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2001.26252) Copyright © 2001 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
Fig. 2 VMO/VL ratio of quadriceps contraction in isokinetic exercise. Abbreviations: con, concentric; ecc, eccentric. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001 82, 1441-1445DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2001.26252) Copyright © 2001 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
Fig. 3 VMO/VL ratio of quadriceps contraction in closed kinetic chain exercise by squatting and standing. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001 82, 1441-1445DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2001.26252) Copyright © 2001 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions