The Presidency: Leading the Nation Chapter 12

Foundations of the Modern Presidency The changing conception of the presidency Whig theory: presidency was limited or restrained office Stewardship theory: strong, assertive presidential role The need for a strong presidency Foreign policy leadership Domestic policy leadership © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

© 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved. Insert Table 12-1 The Constitutional Authority for the President’s Roles © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Choosing the President The nominating campaign: primaries and caucuses The national party conventions The general election campaign Election strategy Media and money The winners © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Insert Table 12-2 The Four Systems of Presidential Selection © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Insert Table 12-3 The Path to the White House © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Staffing the Presidency The vice president The Executive Office of the President (EOP) White House Office, Office of Management and Budget, National Security Council Cabinet and agency appointees The problem of control Most severe with appointees working in the departments and agencies outside of the White House © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Factors in Presidential Leadership The force of circumstance Periods of presidential dominance marked by special set of circumstances: decisive election victory and a compelling national problem The stage of the president’s term Honeymoon period © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Factors in Presidential Leadership The nature of the issue: foreign or domestic Presidents have greater power with foreign policy Congress offers greater challenges over domestic policy Relations with Congress Seeking cooperation from Congress Benefiting from partisan support in Congress Colliding with Congress © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

© 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved. Insert Figure 12-1 Percentage of Bills Passed by Congress on Which the President Announced a Position, 1953-2011 © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

Factors in Presidential Leadership Public support Events and issues The televised presidency © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

The Illusion of Presidential Government Negative press portrayals require the president to try to “spin” the story Presidents get too much credit when things go well and too much blame when things go badly © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.

© 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved. Insert Table 12-4 Percentage of Public Expressing Approval of President’s Performance © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.